The Efficiency of LED Irradiation for Cultivating High-Quality Tomato Seedlings

Abstract

Light qualities are considered to affect many plant physiological processes during growth and development. To investigate how light qualities make an influence on tomato seedlings under greenhouse conditions, the growth and morphological parameters of tomato seedlings (Fortizia F1RC hybrid) were studied under three supplemental light irradiations such as light-emitting diodes with nanoparticle coating (LED 1—Red light-emitting diodes); Blue, Green, Yellow, Red light-emitting diodes (LED 2), and traditional high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps with different photosynthetic photon flux density and the same irradiation time for 33 days. Morphological appearances of three groups of tomato seedlings were different between light treatments, that is, the plants under LED-1 and LED-2 were shorter than those under HPS, while stem diameter, leaf area, dry and fresh weights, and health indices of tomato seedlings grown under alternative light sources were higher than of those cultivated under traditional HPS lights. However, the higher plant height was in plants containing traditional high-pressure sodium lamps treatment. Photosynthetic pigments were shown to have a significant difference under respective light irradiations of LEDs. The levels of photosynthetic pigments were higher in the leaves of seedlings under LED 1 and LED 2, and lower in those that underwent HPS control treatment. Based on the data of morphological and statistical analysis, LEDs with nanoparticle coating proved to be beneficial factors for the growth of tomato seedlings under greenhouse conditions.

Regulations and Factors Affecting of Light Emitting Diodes Artificial Light in Crop Production under Soilless Culture

“…24 The rocket crops (Eruca sativa L.), wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenufolia L.), and lamp lettuce respond in 450 nm blue light, 16 h day photoperiod and 130 μmol m −2 s −1 photosynthetic photon flux density in greenhouse chamber. 25 The red light (600−700 nm): blue light (400−499 nm), 12 h day photoperiod and 250 μmol m −2 s −1 photosynthetic photon flux density induce growth in pepper in growth chamber. 26 The sage grows in 400−500 nm blue + 500−600 nm green + 600−700 nm red + 700−800 nm far-red and 400−500 nm blue + 600−700 nm red, 14 h day photoperiod and 200 μmol m −2 s −1 photosynthetic photon flux density in growth chamber.…”

“…The growth of transplanted tomatoes are inhibited in 662 nm orange, 595 nm yellow, and 520 nm green in phytotron chambers . The rocket crops ( Eruca sativa L.), wild rocket ( Diplotaxis tenufolia L.), and lamp lettuce respond in 450 nm blue light, 16 h day photoperiod and 130 μmol m –2 s –1 photosynthetic photon flux density in greenhouse chamber . The red light (600–700 nm): blue light (400–499 nm), 12 h day photoperiod and 250 μmol m –2 s –1 photosynthetic photon flux density induce growth in pepper in growth chamber .…”

LED Illumination for High-Quality High-Yield Crop Growth in Protected Cropping Environments

“…Thus, bioactive compounds and antioxidants synthesis in a plant could be triggered by using different LED wavebands, thus increasing the plant's nutritional quality [50]. Therefore, adequate plant illumination is crucial for the greenhouse industry to maintain high-quality horticultural products [51,52]. However, little is known about the variations in the free-radical scavenging activities, the concentration of phenolic compounds, and the interaction between antioxidants in leafy vegetables under individual red light illumination [50].…”

Artificial Light Sources Influence Cherry Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cv. ‘CF Jelly’) Growth and Development

“…인공광 재배시설뿐만 아니라 노지나 온실과 같은 자연광 시설에서도 엽채류나 과채류 재배를 위하여 상기 서술한 광원 을 보광광원으로 이용하는데, 이들 광원은 전력소모량이 많아 LEDs를 채용하는 경우가 늘고 있다. LEDs는 상대적으로 낮 은 전력소모량 뿐만 아니라, HPS에 비해 재배작물의 전개엽 수나 화방수, 라이코펜 합성에 있어 유리한 광원으로 보고되고 있다 [6,19,33,34]. 본 연구에서는 자연광을 채용하지 않는 인공 광 식물공장 조건에서 온실 보광광원으로 범용되는 LEDs, HPS 및 MH를 인공광원으로 하여 방울토마토 'CF Jelly'의 수확 가능성을 검토하였으며, 인공광하에서 재배한 방울토마 토의 생장, 생산성이나 품질을 비교･검토하였다.…”