The Efficacy of Sodium Chloride Application in the Control of Fish Lice (Argulus sp) infection on Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Dewi, Rita Rosmala; Siallagan, Wordianti; Suryanto, Dwi

doi:10.29103/aa.v5i1.584

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Mortality is a common problem in fish fry farms due to diseases mainly caused by pathogens [49]. Salt used in farming freshwater fish which tolerate some salinity is quite effective, cheaper, and much healthier (for fish and consumers).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Salinity on the Gut Microbiome of Pike Fry (Esox lucius)

et al. 2020

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The increasing popularity of pike in angling and fish farming has created a need to increase pike production. However, intensive pike farming is subject to limitations due to diseases and pathogens. Sodium chloride (NaCl) could be a good alternative to chemotherapeutics, especially for protecting the fish against pathogens and parasites at early life stages. However, the impact of high salinity on the symbiotic bacteria inhabiting freshwater fish is still unclear. Therefore, our objective was to analyze the gut microbiome to find possible changes caused by salinity. In this study, the influence of 3‰ and 7‰ salinity on pike fry was investigated. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to profile the gut microbiome of the fish. It was found that salinity had a statistically significant influence on pike fry mortality. Mortality was highest in the 7‰ salinity group and lowest in the 3‰ group. Microbiological analysis indicated that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria predominated in the pike gut microbiome in all examined groups, followed by lower percentages of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. There were no statistically significant differences in the percent abundance of bacterial taxa between the control group and groups with a higher salinity. Our results suggest that salinity influences the gut microbiome structure in pike fry, and that 3‰ salinity may be a good solution for culturing pike at this stage in their development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Salinity on the Gut Microbiome of Pike Fry (Esox lucius)

et al. 2020

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“…Salinity stress may occur if young freshwater salmonids (parr) are prematurely transferred to saltwater before they are ready to undergo transformation into marine adapted fish (smolts). The knowledge of the Arapaima larvae tolerance in salinities up to 4‰ can be a useful tool for the use of NaCl in prophylactic procedures against pathogens (Dewi, Siallagan, & Suryanto, ; Magondu, Rasowo, Oyoo‐Okoth, & Charo‐Karisa, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slightly salinized water enhances the growth and survival of Arapaima gigas larvae

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival and growth of Arapaima gigas larvae reared in slightly salinized water. Pirarucu larvae (183.1 ± 41.2 mg and 3.4 ± 0.3 cm) were stocked in PVC tanks (20 L; n = 4; 40 larvae per tank) in a static system. A. gigas larvae were reared in increasing levels of salinized water (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4‰) for a period of 15 days. Fish were fed six times a day with Artemia nauplii (2,900 nauplii per larvae per meal in the beginning). The salinized water increased by at least four times the Artemia nauplii lifespan, which prolonged the time of live food supply to Arapaima larvae. Pirarucu larvae kept in freshwater presented the lowest values in weight gain, final weight and survival. Larvae reared in water with 4‰ of salinized water showed the highest final weight. Slightly salinized water enhances the growth and survival of A. gigas larvae and it can be a simple practice with low cost that can be applied in the routine of pirarucu larviculture.

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“…The commonalities observed across Cnidaria suggest that these treatments might similarly inhibit other pathogenic myxozoans, like Ceratonova shasta and Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae . NaCl is already employed in salmonid aquaculture to treat infections from external parasites (Dewi, 2018) and minimize osmoregulatory stress (Mifsud and Rowland, 2008; Tacchi et al ., 2015). The oxidizing agent KMnO 4 is also widely employed in aquaculture (Straus and Griffin, 2002) but had no effect on M. cerebralis infection in our tests, which highlighted the importance of targeting nematocyst function specifically to prevent infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitroandin vivoassays reveal that cations affect nematocyst discharge inMyxobolus cerebralis(Cnidaria: Myxozoa)

et al. 2020

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Myxozoans are parasitic, microscopic cnidarians that have retained the phylum-characteristic stinging capsules called nematocysts. Free-living cnidarians, like jellyfish and corals, utilize nematocysts for feeding and defence, with discharge powered by osmotic energy. Myxozoans use nematocysts to anchor to their fish hosts in the first step of infection, however, the discharge mechanism is poorly understood. We used Myxobolus cerebralis, a pathogenic myxozoan parasite of salmonid fishes, and developed two assays to explore the nature of its nematocyst discharge. Using parasite actinospores, the infectious stage to fish, we stimulated discharge of the nematocysts with rainbow trout mucus in vitro, in solutions enriched with chloride salts of Na + , K + , Ca 2+ and Gd 3+ , and quantified discharge using microscopy. We then used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the in vivo effects of these treatments, plus Mg 2+ and the common aquaculture disinfectant KMnO₄, on the ability of M. cerebralis actinospores to infect fish. We found that Mg 2+ and Gd 3+ reduced infection in vivo, whereas Na + and K + over-stimulated nematocyst discharge in vitro and reduced infection in vivo. These findings align with nematocyst discharge behaviour in free-living Cnidaria, and suggest phylum-wide commonalties, which could be exploited to develop novel approaches for controlling myxozoan diseases in aquaculture.

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The Efficacy of Sodium Chloride Application in the Control of Fish Lice (Argulus sp) infection on Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Salinity on the Gut Microbiome of Pike Fry (Esox lucius)

Effect of Salinity on the Gut Microbiome of Pike Fry (Esox lucius)

Slightly salinized water enhances the growth and survival of Arapaima gigas larvae

In vitroandin vivoassays reveal that cations affect nematocyst discharge inMyxobolus cerebralis(Cnidaria: Myxozoa)

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