The Efficacy of Psychoneurotherapy on Reducing Symptoms Severity in Treatment Naïve Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Washing

Abstract

Objective: The present study was carried out to examine the effectiveness of psychoneurotherapy (PNT) on reducing symptoms severity in treatment-naïve patients with obsessive-compulsive washing. This study evaluated a new form of psychotherapy based on neurobiological model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Washing (OCD-W). Methods:The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental research. The statistical population of this study included 130 obsessive-compulsive washers. A total of 40 patients were selected using convenience sampling method and then were randomly divided into two groups: PNT group (n=20) and sham feedback control group (n=20). Both groups received drug treatment, in addition, the experimental group received 20 sessions (twice per week) of PNT. The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (Y-BOCS), Maudsley obsessional-compulsive inventory (MOCI), depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21), subjective united distress scale (SUDS) were administered before and after treatment. Eelectroencephography (EEG) was recorded in eyes open provocation stimuli condition. All EEGs were recorded drug free. Participants were prescribed PNT protocol based on the results of their quantitative EEG (QEEG) and low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analyses. The effects of PNT were analyzed using 1-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after controlling pretest scores. The effect size (Cohen's d), paired t test, and clinically significant change were calculated and assessed for all the clinical instruments.Results: Thirty patients completed this study. Despite some methodological limitations, our results indicated that psychoneurotherapy is significantly efficient on treatment's target. ANCOVA results supported that PNT could significantly improve the severity of OCD symptoms, depression, stress, anxiety symptoms, and subjective united distress scale compared to what was seen sham feedback control group (All P<0.001). Conclusion:Psychoneurotherapy showed preliminarily evidence for the effectiveness in the treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive washing. The study is an attempt to provide a new non-invasive treatment of OCD-washing. Further studies are necessary for confirming our findings.

Identifying emotional components of event-related potentials in the brain functioning of individuals with contamination obsessions and comparison with healthy control group

“…For the aims of this study, we used 50 neutral pictures from the IAPS. In the context of this study, it is worth noting that Saremi et al also employed these neutral pictures from the IAPS in their research conducted in Iran ( Saremi et al, 2016 ).…”

“…These scales provide quantitative measures of anxiety, arousal, and emotional valence associated with the presented images. The psychometric properties of the BOCD-PS have been examined in clinical samples and healthy control groups, including the assessment of Cronbach’s alpha ( a ≥ 0.96) for OCD-related anxiety, arousal, and negative valence ( Saremi et al, 2016 ). In the present study, a subset of 50 contamination pictures from the BOCD-PS was selected.…”

“…Additionally, a preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the Iranian version of the BOCD-PS, involving feedback from five clinical psychologists and psychiatrists with experience in treating OCD patients. Their input was obtained to assess content validity and determine the need for potential picture replacements, taking into consideration the cultural context of Iran ( Saremi et al, 2016 ).…”