The efficacy of fish scales as bone graft alternative materials

Abstract

Background: Bone graft application is a therapy that could be used to repair bone and minimize bone resorption. However, current bone graft materials carry risks for the recipient. Studies on alloplast, which can be found in fish bones and scales have been developed in the past few years. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of hydroxyapatite powder from white barramundi (Lates calcarifer) fish scales as bone graft material in the mandibular defect regeneration of rats. Methods: This experimental laboratory study utilized 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 16 weeks as test subjects, where 12 were used for control groups and the other 12 were used as the experimental group. All were given bone defects of 3 mm on the right mandible, split into 6 groups of 4 (3 experimental and 3 control groups), and the groups were observed for 2, 4, and 6 weeks respectively. The surgery results were assessed by radiography and histopathologic analysis. Result: Radiography results showed that the highest bone growth was found in the 6 weeks treatment group with 100% growth, followed by the 4 weeks treatment group with 88.89% growth, and last was the 2 weeks treatment group with 66.67% growth. The Mann-Whitney test showed that there is a significant difference between pre-and post-intervention (p >0.05). Histopathologic analysis showed the presence of osteocytes and osteoblasts in the 6 weeks treatment group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that hydroxyapatite powder from white barramundi fish scales can be used as a bone graft alternative material.

Degradation of chitosan–gelatin and chitosan–gelatin–β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds

“…β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) has a higher degradability compared to hydroxyapatite, which would later facilitate the new bone formation and eventually lead to appropriate bone remodeling. 6,7,[10][11][12][13][14][15] However, purchasing βTCP remains expensive, especially in developed countries. Researchers have attempted to develop βTCP from natural sources, such as limestone.…”

Utilisation of Natural Hydroxyapatite From Lates Calcarifer Scales to Increase the Bioactivity in Ss 316l With the Dip Coating Method for Bone Implants

“…The utilisation of white snapper scales to be processed into natural HA can reduce waste that currently causes environmental pollution and can be of economic value. Natural HA from barramundi scales was used as a coating material for the implants, in addition natural HA has been used as a bone graft candidate [24].…”

UTILISATION OF NATURAL HYDROXYAPATITE FROM WHITE BARRAMUNDI FISH SCALES (Lates calcarifer) TO INCREASE THE BIOACTIVITY IN THE TITANIUM ALLOY (Ti6Al4V) ELI WITH THE DIP COATING METHOD FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

“…Fish scale waste contains high calcium so that it can be used to manufacture hydroxyapatite. White barramundi fish scales have also been used as a material for bone grafting [26]. In this study, white barramundi fish scale waste from local Indonesian fish was used as a titanium coating material to increase the bioactivity properties of the material.…”