The Efferent System of Cranial Nerve Nuclei: A Comparative Neuromorphological Study

Székely, George; Matesz, Clara

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-77938-1

Cited by 28 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…The adult diversity of hindbrain motoneurons was systematically restudied by Nieuwenhuys and collaborators [Nieuwenhuys et al, 1997], using topological mapping techniques, and by numerous other researchers using tract tracing techniques [e.g., Szekely and Matesz, 1993]. The topological analysis by and large confirmed the earlier insights and showed that, indeed, there is a change in relative position of facial, abducens and trigeminal motoneurons ( fig.…”

Section: Adult Diversity Of Trigeminal Facial and Abducens Motoneuronssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…This idea, generated in the last century, was built around several assumptions [Romer, 1941] that have lately been reconsidered [Fritzsch and Northcutt, 1993;Szekely and Matesz, 1993].…”

Section: Hindbrain Motoneurons: New Insights Into An Old Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the position and migration of visceral and branchial motoneurons, as determined in the last ten years, shows a bewildering richness in adult distribution and makes it difficult to distinguish between primitive and derived patterns [Fritzsch and Northcutt, 1993;Szekely and Matesz, 1993]. Also, it has become clear that all motoneurons are likely generated near the floor plate by the action of floor plate specific genes such as sonic hedgehog [Tanabe and Jessel, 1996], and a common plan has thus emerged for the ontogeny of these motoneurons [Gilland and Baker, 1993;Guthrie, 1995].…”

Section: Hindbrain Motoneurons: New Insights Into An Old Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Of Mice and Genes: Evolution of Vertebrate Brain Development

Fritzsch

1998

Brain Behav Evol

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In this review the current understanding of genetic and molecular evolution of development, in particular the formation of the major axis of bilateral animals, is critically evaluated, and the early pattern formation in the hindbrain is related as much as possible to these processes. On the genetic level it is proposed that the exuberant multiplication of regulatory genes compared to that of structural genes relates to the increased flexibility of early vertebrate development. In comparisons to fruit flies, many conserved genes are found to be expressed very differently, while many others seem to reflect a comparable pattern and thus suggest a conservation of function. Even genes with a largely conserved pattern of expression may change the level at which they are expressed and the mechanisms by which they are regulated in their expression. Evolution and development of hindbrain motoneurons is reviewed, and it is concluded that both comparative data as well as more recent experimental data suggest a limited importance for the rhombomeres. Clearly, many cell fate-specifying processes work below the level of rhombomeres or in the absence of rhombomeres. It is suggested that more comparative developmental data are needed to establish firmly the relationship between homeobox genes and rhombomere specification in vertebrates other than a few model species.

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Section: Adult Diversity Of Trigeminal Facial and Abducens Motoneuronssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…This idea, generated in the last century, was built around several assumptions [Romer, 1941] that have lately been reconsidered [Fritzsch and Northcutt, 1993;Szekely and Matesz, 1993].…”

Section: Hindbrain Motoneurons: New Insights Into An Old Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hindbrain Motoneurons: New Insights Into An Old Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Of Mice and Genes: Evolution of Vertebrate Brain Development

Fritzsch

1998

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Axons innervating branchial muscles project from motor neurons that become segregated in lateral regions of the brainstem, distinct from EOM and somatic motor nuclei (reviewed by Szekely and Matesz, 1993;Northcutt, 1990). These neurons also have molecular signatures not shared with somatic motor neurons (Jacob et al, 2001).…”

Section: Branchial Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The differentiation and morphogenesis of craniofacial muscles

Noden

Francis‐West

2006

Developmental Dynamics

355

358

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Unraveling the complex tissue interactions necessary to generate the structural and functional diversity present among craniofacial muscles is challenging. These muscles initiate their development within a mesenchymal population bounded by the brain, pharyngeal endoderm, surface ectoderm, and neural crest cells. This set of spatial relations, and in particular the segmental properties of these adjacent tissues, are unique to the head. Additionally, the lack of early epithelialization in head mesoderm necessitates strategies for generating discrete myogenic foci that may differ from those operating in the trunk. Molecular data indeed indicate dissimilar methods of regulation, yet transplantation studies suggest that some head and trunk myogenic populations are interchangeable. The first goal of this review is to present key features of these diversities, identifying and comparing tissue and molecular interactions regulating myogenesis in the head and trunk. Our second focus is on the diverse morphogenetic movements exhibited by craniofacial muscles. Precursors of tongue muscles partly mimic migrations of appendicular myoblasts, whereas myoblasts destined to form extraocular muscles condense within paraxial mesoderm, then as large cohorts they cross the mesoderm:neural crest interface en route to periocular regions. Branchial muscle precursors exhibit yet another strategy, establishing contacts with neural crest populations before branchial arch formation and maintaining these relations through subsequent stages of morphogenesis. With many of the prerequisite stepping-stones in our knowledge of craniofacial myogenesis now in place, discovering the cellular and molecular interactions necessary to initiate and sustain the differentiation and morphogenesis of these neglected craniofacial muscles is now an attainable goal.

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“…When axons did exit from the explant they did so over a wide region of its dorsal edge (E,G). Matesz, 1993). We investigated the relationship of the trochlear projection to the isthmic organiser cells.…”

Section: Extension Of Trochlear Axons Towards and Within The Isthmusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the trochlear motor axon trajectory: role of the isthmic organiser and Fgf8

et al. 2002

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Formation of the trochlear nerve within the anterior hindbrain provides a model system to study a simple axonal projection within the vertebrate central nervous system. We show that trochlear motor neurons are born within the isthmic organiser and also immediately posterior to it in anterior rhombomere 1. Axons of the most anterior cells follow a dorsal projection, which circumnavigates the isthmus, while those of more posterior trochlear neurons project anterodorsally to enter the isthmus. Once within the isthmus, axons form large fascicles that extend to a dorsal exit point. We investigated the possibility that the projection of trochlear axons towards the isthmus and their subsequent growth within that tissue might depend upon chemoattraction. We demonstrate that both isthmic tissue and Fgf8 protein are attractants for trochlear axons in vitro, while ectopic Fgf8 causes turning of these axons away from their normal routes in vivo. Both inhibition of FGF receptor activation and inhibition of Fgf8 function in vitro affect formation of the trochlear projection within explants in a manner consistent with a guidance function of Fgf8 during trochlear axon navigation.

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The Efferent System of Cranial Nerve Nuclei: A Comparative Neuromorphological Study

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Of Mice and Genes: Evolution of Vertebrate Brain Development

Of Mice and Genes: Evolution of Vertebrate Brain Development

The differentiation and morphogenesis of craniofacial muscles

Establishing the trochlear motor axon trajectory: role of the isthmic organiser and Fgf8

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