The Effeminates of Early Medina

Rowson, Everett K.

doi:10.2307/603399

Cited by 131 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Persons with varying degrees of gender-atypical development have been described for many and diverse cultures (e.g., Herdt, 1996; Whitam, 1997; Winter, 2009; for Brazil: Cardoso, 2005; Inciardi et al, 1999; Kulick, 1998; for India: Bradford, 1983; Nanda, 1999; for India and Sri Lanka: Stevenson, 1974; for Mexico: Stephen, 2002; for Myanmar: Coleman et al, 1992; for Oman: Wikan, 1977; for Samoa: Bartlett & Vasey, 2006; Vasey & Bartlett, 2007; for Thailand: Costa and Matzner, 2007; Jackson, 1997; for the native Zuni culture in the U.S.: Roscoe, 1990) and throughout recorded history (Bullough & Bullough, 1993; Feinberg, 1996; Perry, 1987; Rowsen, 1991; Wiesner-Hanks, 2001). In American society, the extreme variant involving gender reassignment, cross-gender hormone treatment, and genital surgery became a salient issue with George/Christine Jorgensen in 1952 (Docter, 2007; Hamburger, Stürup, & Dahl-Iversen, 1953), which was soon followed by clinical benchmark papers and books on the subject: Benjamin (1954); Green & Money (1960); Stoller (1964); Pauly (1965); Benjamin (1966); Green & Money (1969).…”

Section: History Of Gender Variants In the Dsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Mental Disorder to Iatrogenic Hypogonadism: Dilemmas in Conceptualizing Gender Identity Variants as Psychiatric Conditions

Meyer‐Bahlburg

2009

Arch Sex Behav

144

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The categorization of gender identity variants (GIVs) as “mental disorders” in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) is highly controversial among professionals as well as among persons with GIV. After providing a brief history of GIV categorizations in the DSM, this paper presents some of the major issues of the ongoing debate: GIV as psychopathology versus natural variation; definition of “impairment” and “distress” for GID; associated psychopathology and its relation to stigma; the stigma impact of the mental-disorder label itself; the unusual character of “sex reassignment surgery” as a psychiatric treatment; and the consequences for health and mental-health services if the disorder label is removed. Finally, several categorization options are examined: Retaining the GID category, but possibly modifying its grouping with other syndromes; narrowing the definition to dysphoria and taking “disorder” out of the label; categorizing GID as a neurological or medical rather than a psychiatric disorder; removing GID from both the DSM and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD); and creating a special category for GIV in the DSM. I conclude that--as also evident in other DSM categories--the decision on the categorization of GIVs cannot be achieved on a purely scientific basis, and that a consensus for a pragmatic compromise needs to be arrived at that accommodates both scientific considerations and the service needs of persons with GIVs.

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Section: History Of Gender Variants In the Dsmmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Mental Disorder to Iatrogenic Hypogonadism: Dilemmas in Conceptualizing Gender Identity Variants as Psychiatric Conditions

Meyer‐Bahlburg

2009

Arch Sex Behav

144

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“…33 En esta obra, Foucault afirmaba que la categoría "homosexual" no eran más que una construcción surgida desde el ámbito del psicoanálisis a finales del s. XIX con el objetivo de designar una patología clínica. 34 Greenberg (1988), Rowson (1991) y Schmitt y Sofer (1992) entre otros. confirma la existencia de lo que he denominado "movimiento de defensa de los derechos LGBTQ+ en países de mayoría musulmana".…”

Section: Resistencias Musulmanas Queer: Desafiando Los Binarismosunclassified

Islamofobia queerizada y resistencias musulmanas queer en tiempos de homonacionalismo

Fernández

2018

REIM

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Resumen El presente artículo analiza el homonacionalismo desde el cuestionamiento a los discursos culturalistas dicotómicos que dicho fenómeno plantea. En primer lugar, se describen las vinculaciones históricas entre diversidad sexual y de género, racismo y neoliberalismo. A continuación, se aborda la emergencia de un proceso de queerización de la islamofobia nutrido por la instrumentalización neoliberal de los sujetos queer para promover la representación LGBTQ+fóbica del islam. Acto seguido, se evidencia cómo la relación entre las políticas LGBTQ+ transnacionales y la islamofobia queerizada ha provocado un rechazo hacia lo LGBTQ+ en el marco de los Estados arabo-islámicos postcoloniales. Finalmente, se ahonda en el análisis de las identidades musulmanas queer contemporáneas poniendo el foco en sus formas diferenciadas de resistencia frente a los discursos de oposición entre islam y diversidad sexo-genérica, tanto los provenientes de interpretaciones tradicionalistas del islam, como los islamófobos propios del homonacionalismo.

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“…Later, the word mukhannath was defined by lexicographers, such as Al-Zabidi in Taj al-arus, as a man who imitates women in softness and tenderness of voice. Mukhannath generally means 'effeminate', without any difference between intentional and unintentional behavior, and does not refer to transvestism (Rowson, 1991;671-693).…”

Section: Mukhannathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Change of Transsexuals in Shariah: An Analysis

Sarcheshmehpour

Abdullah

Alkali

2018

JSLR

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In Islamic societies transsexuals live a life of constant negative stereotyping and presumption of guilt, despite being acknowledged by the Qur'ān and Sunnah. They struggle to live their lives in peace as they are subjected to discrimination, arrests, torture, and harassment on a daily basis. This article is aimed at exploring the factors which may mitigate their dilemmas by virtue of the primary sources of Shariah. In this study, verses from Qur'ān and ḥadīth which are used to condemn transsexuals are examined. Interpretations and opinions of several experts are also discussed in this paper. The findings reveal that transsexuality is considered to be an inherent defect and abnormality by the Will of Allah, which implies that transsexuals are not sinners and any surgical treatment to rectify physical defects is not a sinful act.

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The Effeminates of Early Medina

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

From Mental Disorder to Iatrogenic Hypogonadism: Dilemmas in Conceptualizing Gender Identity Variants as Psychiatric Conditions

From Mental Disorder to Iatrogenic Hypogonadism: Dilemmas in Conceptualizing Gender Identity Variants as Psychiatric Conditions

Islamofobia queerizada y resistencias musulmanas queer en tiempos de homonacionalismo

Gender Change of Transsexuals in Shariah: An Analysis

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