The effects on schedule-induced attack of covarying meal size and spacing

Robinson, John K.; Flory, Randall K.; Dunahoo, Carla L.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(90)90140-y

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In both experiments, key-peck rates and postreinforcement pause durations were inversely and positively related to reinforcement amount, respectively (except for P-1313 during Experiment 1). The data from Experiment 1, in general, are similar to those reported by Robinson et al (1990) in showing a direct relation between reinforcement amount and scheduleinduced attack. These data extend those of Robinson et al and suggest that attack induced under time-based schedules of food presentation is a direct function of food amount across a wide range of values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…At the larger food amounts, however, attack continued to occur at maximum values despite the fact that consummatory rates for both pigeons far exceeded those typically sufficient to decrease scheduleinduced behavior when only reinforcement rate is manipulated (e.g., Falk, 1966;Flory, 1969). Furthermore, data from studies on schedule-induced drinking (Bond, 1973) and attack (Robinson et al, 1990), in which different combinations of food amounts and interfood intervals were examined, also are not consistent with the consummatory-rate hypothesis. With respect to schedule-induced activities, then, it appears that schedule parameter and reinforcement amount function as separate controlling variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The results of the Robinson et al (1990) study suggest that schedule-induced attack may be positively related to reinforcement amount. However, a complete characterization of the function relating induced attack to food amount has not been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Extensive analysis of the effects of reinforcement amount on schedule-induced behavior other than drinking in rats remains to be accomplished. One study examined effects of two different reinforcement amounts on attack in pigeons induced by various fixedtime (FIT) schedules of food presentation (Robinson, Flory, & Dunahoo, 1990). In that experiment, more attack occurred during conditions in which the larger food amount was presented per interval.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Reinforcement Amount on Attack Induced Under a Fixed‐interval Schedule in Pigeons

Pitts

Malagodi

1996

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Key pecking by pigeons was maintained on a chained fixed-interval 4-min (12-min for 1 subject) fixed-ratio 1 schedule of food presentation. Attacks toward a restrained and protected conspecific were recorded. In the first experiment, the amount of food presented per interval was manipulated across phases by varying the number of fixed ratios required in the terminal link of the chain. Measures of attack for all pigeons during the fixed-interval component increased monotonically as a function of food amount. In the second experiment, two different food amounts alternated within each experimental session under a multiple schedule. For both pigeons in this experiment, measures of attack were higher during the component that delivered the larger food amount per interval. The differences in levels of attack induced by the two food amounts in Experiment 2, however, were not as great as in Experiment 1; apparently this was because attack during the first interval of each component was controlled in part (P-5626) or entirely (P-7848) by the reinforcement amount delivered at the end of the previous component. Attack was also a function of the location of the interfood interval within the session. For both pigeons, attack tended to decrease throughout the session. The results of both experiments suggest that attack is an increasing function of reinforcement amount under fixed-interval schedules, but that this function may be influenced by the manner in which reinforcement amount is manipulated, by the duration of the interfood interval, and by the location of the interfood interval within the experimental session. In general, these results are compatible with theories of induced attack and other schedule-induced behavior that emphasize aversive after-effects of reinforcement presentation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Reinforcement Amount on Attack Induced Under a Fixed‐interval Schedule in Pigeons

Pitts

Malagodi

1996

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…A bitonic (inverted U) relationship between their rate of occurrence and interfeeding interval length was first reported for schedule-induced polydipsia in rats (Falk, 1966), and is considered to be a common property of these activities (Bond, 1973;Allen & Kenshalo, 1976;Jozsvai & Keehn, 1990;Robinson et al, 1990). Killeen et al (1978) argued that expression of adjunctive behaviours is raised to supernormal levels by "excessive" arousal (as defined by Delius, 1970) generated by periodic delivery of food or other incentives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Patterning of Oral Stereotypies in Restricted-fed Fowls: 2. Investigations with a Single Daily Meal

Savory¹,

Kostal²

1996

International Journal of Comparative Psychology

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Expression of oral stereotypies directed at the drinker (drinking) and empty feeder (pecking), by young, caged, restricted-fed broiler breeder fowls, was investigated in three experiments in which either the frequency of feeding or meal size was varied. Behaviour was measured from regular 15-min videorecordings. In Experiment 1, birds were provided with either one (lA), two (IB) or four (IC) hourly meals of 5 g in the morning, and a single balance meal in the afternoon. Treatment IC caused increases in drinking and pecking, compared with lA and IB, but effects of meal number and the total weight of food eaten during testing were indistinguishable.In Experiment 2, birds were provided with four meals of equal size in the morning, at either 1.5, 1 or 0.5 hr intervals, with a balance meal in the afternoon in the first week only. There was no difference among these treatments in drinking or pecking at any time, and neither stereotypy responded to variation in inter-feeding interval length in the ways predicted by two alternative theoretical models, constructed for adjunctive behaviours. Additional information from Experiment 1, and a comparison between Experiments 1 and 2, indicated that both stereotypies were correlated positively with meal size and/or the total amount eaten during testing. In Experiment 3, birds were provided with two meals (only) of unequal size at 09.00 and 12.00 h, and were conditioned to receiving either the large meal (32 g) first, the small meal (8 g) first, or large and small meals in random order. The main finding was that pecking declined from the first to the third hour after the small meal only when the small meal came first, and did not do so after the large meal. This suggests that the rate at which stereotyped pecking declines after eating may depend on the amount that is eaten.

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A guide to the literature on aggressive behavior

1990

Aggr. Behav.

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The effects on schedule-induced attack of covarying meal size and spacing

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Reinforcement Amount on Attack Induced Under a Fixed‐interval Schedule in Pigeons

Effects of Reinforcement Amount on Attack Induced Under a Fixed‐interval Schedule in Pigeons

Temporal Patterning of Oral Stereotypies in Restricted-fed Fowls: 2. Investigations with a Single Daily Meal

A guide to the literature on aggressive behavior

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