The effects of γ-radiation on copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile

Hill, David J. T.; Lang, A.P.; O’Donnell, James H.; Pomery, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/0141-3910(92)90115-l

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…PET EELS data 14 and the PBT NEXAFS literature. 4,31 The broad peak at 292.2 eV is ascribed to the C 1s−σ* C−O transition also supported by PET EELS results. 14 However, the chemical complexity of PBT and the limitations of energy resolution suggest that there are potential signals from other transitions that affect this peak.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Chemical Fingerprinting of Polymers Using Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) is becoming an important tool in the characterization of polymeric materials. The sensitivity of EELS to changes in the chemical structure of polymeric materials dictates its applicability. In particular, it is important for compositional analysis to have reference spectra of pure components. Here, we report the spectra of the carbon K-edge of six polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, and polylactic acid) including copolymers (styrene acrylonitrile and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), to be used as reference spectra for future EELS studies of polymers. We have successfully decomposed the carbon K-edge of each of the polymers and assigned the observed peaks to bonding transitions. The spectra have been acquired in standard experimental conditions, and electron beam damage has been taken into account during establishment of spectral−structural relationships. We found that the more commonly available low-energy resolution spectrometers are adequate to chemically fingerprint linear saturated hydrocarbons such as PE, PP, and PLA. We have thus moved a step closer toward creating an atlas of polymer EELS spectra, which can be subsequently used for chemical bond mapping of polymeric materials with nanoscale spatial resolution.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Chemical Fingerprinting of Polymers Using Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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“…However, we can see that for this system the G (R • ) values for the copolymers lie close to the predicted line, thus indicating the absence of significant radiation protection of the aliphatic groups by the aromatic groups. A similar result was reported for copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile irradiated at 77 K,24 however, the radical yields at 300 K deviated from the predicted curve. This could indicate that at higher temperatures sufficient mobility is available for charge or energy exchange reactions to occur.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The term ‘radiation protection’ has been used to describe this effect. Since the early studies of mixtures of aromatic and aliphatic liquids,18, 19 the phenomenon was observed in copolymers of styrene and other molecules,20–25 in a range of alkylbenzenes,26 and in well‐mixed polymer blends 27. An explanation of the phenomenon of radiation protection has often in the past relied upon the assumption that the amount of energy deposited in each molecule or molecular segment is proportional to its electron fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of county-level prostate carcinoma incidence and detection rates with medicare claims data

Cooper

Yuan

Jethva

et al. 2001

Cancer

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Bulk‐heterojunction solar cells are reported with an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) based on a newly designed semiconducting selenophene‐thienopyrrolodione (TPD) copolymer blended with [6,6]‐phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl‐ester. The solar cells are fabricated using simple solution processing (implying low‐cost fabrication). The relatively deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level leads to a correspondingly high open‐circuit voltage of 0.88 V. The PCE approaches 5.8% when Clevious P VP AI4083 is used as the hole‐transport interlayer, with an optimized active layer thickness of approximately 95 nm, and a donor‐acceptor blend ratio of 1:1. A fill factor (FF) of 0.62 is achieved. The use of additives does not seem to be beneficial in this blended system, due to the achievement of proper phase separation in the as‐cast films. Also, the BHJ devices with a 3% ratio of a 1‐chloronaphthalene (CN) additive exhibit much more severe oxidative degradation from the decreased FF with a high series resistance than BHJ devices without additive. The selenophene‐TPD based BHJ solar cell is a promising candidate for high‐performance single cells with a low‐cost additive‐free fabrication and a long‐term stable operation.

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“…274 The crystalline structure of polypropylene restricts the mobility of free radicals formed during photooxidation and this affects the mechanism of polymer degradation. 290 ESR was used to study HALS with urethane functional groups to compare HALS efficiency in polymeric and monomeric forms. 286 Radicals were identified and the effect of dose evaluated for -irradiated PTFE.…”

Section: Electron Spin Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Methods of Weathered Specimen

Wypych¹

2013

Handbook of Material Weathering

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The effects of γ-radiation on copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Chemical Fingerprinting of Polymers Using Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy

Chemical Fingerprinting of Polymers Using Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy

Determination of county-level prostate carcinoma incidence and detection rates with medicare claims data

Testing Methods of Weathered Specimen

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