The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Body Composition and Thyroid Function in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review

Zavros, Antonis; Giannaki, Christoforos D.; Aphamis, George; Ρούπα, Ζωή; Andreou, Elena

doi:10.1080/19390211.2022.2072044

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Zinc supplementation in experimental diabetes has shown positive results improving glucose homeostasis [ 45 ]. However, there are still contrasting data about the clinical efficacy of zinc supplementation, with human trials on obese and diabetic patients reporting either positive outcomes or a lack of efficacy [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. In mice fed the HFHS diet supplemented with Zn-SP, we observed a significant increase in plasma insulin levels, which may account for the enhanced peripheral glucose uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Glycation Properties of Zinc-Enriched Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) Contribute to Prevention of Metaflammation in a Diet-Induced Obese Mouse Model

Aimaretti,

Porchietto,

Mantegazza

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) exert a key pathogenic role in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Thanks to its abundance in bioactive compounds, the microalga Arthrospira platensis (spirulina, SP) is proposed as a nutritional supplement. Here, we investigated the potential anti-glycating properties of SP enriched with zinc (Zn-SP) and the following impact on diet-induced metabolic derangements. Thirty male C57Bl6 mice were fed a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHS) for 12 weeks, and a subgroup of HFHS mice received 350 mg/kg Zn-SP three times a week. A HFHS diet induced obesity and glucose intolerance and increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and transaminases. Zn-SP administration restored glucose homeostasis and reduced hepatic dysfunction and systemic inflammation. In the liver of HFHS mice, a robust accumulation of AGEs was detected, paralleled by increased expression of the main AGE receptor (RAGE) and depletion of glyoxalase-1, whereas Zn-SP administration efficiently prevented these alterations reducing local pro-inflammatory responses. 16S rRNA gene profiling of feces and ileum content revealed altered bacterial community structure in HFHS mice compared to both SD and HFHS + Zn-SP groups. Overall, our study demonstrates relevant anti-glycation properties of Zn-SP which contribute to preventing AGE production and/or stimulate AGE detoxification, leading to the improvement of diet-related dysbiosis and metabolic derangements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Glycation Properties of Zinc-Enriched Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) Contribute to Prevention of Metaflammation in a Diet-Induced Obese Mouse Model

Aimaretti,

Porchietto,

Mantegazza

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…Moreover, any similarities between the study by Mahmoodianfrad et al [ 84 ] and ours can be explained by the fact that the hypothyroid patients in their study were receiving l-thyroxine therapy, which could have masked the effects of supplementation on thyroid function [ 84 ]. According to a systematic review, more randomized controlled trials are needed so the combined effects of Zn and Se supplementation on thyroid function in overweight or obese people can be better clarified [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the effects of Zn and Se supplementation on body composition, positive results have been found in some animal studies [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. However, according to a systematic review, randomized controlled trials about the effects of the two elements on body composition in people with overweight or obesity are conflicting and have several limitations [ 33 ]. Therefore, more randomized controlled trials are needed so that the effects of Zn and Se on individuals with overweight or obesity can be revealed [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Co-Supplementation on Resting Metabolic Rate, Thyroid Function, Physical Fitness, and Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese People under a Hypocaloric Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial

et al. 2023

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Evidence of the effectiveness of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical function parameters in people with overweight and obesity is scarce, while the effects of zinc and selenium on thyroid function and body composition are still a topic of debate and controversy. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial was to examine the effects of a hypocaloric diet and Se–Zn co-supplementation on RMR, thyroid function, body composition, physical fitness, and functional capacity in overweight or obese individuals. Twenty-eight overweight–obese participants (mean BMI: 29.4 ± 4.7) were randomly allocated (1:1) to the supplementation group (n = 14, 31.1 ± 5.5 yrs, 9 females) and the placebo group (n = 14, 32.1 ± 4.8 yrs, 6 females). The participants received Zn (25 mg of zinc gluconate/day) and Se (200 mcg of L-selenomethionine/day) or placebo tablets containing starch for eight weeks. The participants of both groups followed a hypocaloric diet during the intervention. RMR, thyroid function, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), and functional capacity (sit-to-stand tests, timed up-and-go test, and handgrip strength) were assessed before and after the intervention. A significant interaction was found between supplementation and time on RMR (p = 0.045), with the intervention group’s RMR increasing from 1923 ± 440 to 2364 ± 410 kcal/day. On the other hand, no interaction between supplementation and time on the thyroid function was found (p > 0.05). Regarding the effects of Zn/Se co-administration on Se levels, a significant interaction between supplementation and time on Se levels was detected (p = 0.004). Specifically, the intervention group’s Se serum levels were increased from 83.04 ± 13.59 to 119.40 ± 23.93 μg/L. However, Zn serum levels did not change over time (90.61 ± 23.23 to 89.58 ± 10.61 umol/L). Even though all body composition outcomes improved in the intervention group more than placebo at the second measurement, no supplement × time interaction was detected on body composition (p > 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness did not change over the intervention. Yet, a main effect of time was found for some functional capacity tests, with both groups improving similarly over the eight-week intervention period (p < 0.05). In contrast, a supplement x group interaction was found in the performance of the timed up-and-go test (TUG) (p = 0.010), with the supplementation group improving more. In conclusion, an eight-week intervention with Zn/Se co-supplementation combined with a hypocaloric diet increased the RMR, TUG performance, and Se levels in overweight and obese people. However, thyroid function, Zn levels, body composition, and the remaining outcomes of exercise performance remained unchanged.

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“…A recent study reported that Zn supplementation may prevent the incidence of hypothyroidism [29]. Another study reviewed that Zn supplementation improves thyroid functions and increases the levels of T3 in overweight or obese individuals [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of serum zinc and phosphorus levels in patients with hypothyroidism

Patel,

Khan,

Inam

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Various studies reported that serum zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) levels altered in patients with hypothyroidism and vice versa, but results were found inconsistent. Aim It was aimed to find the association between serum Zn and P in patients with hypothyroidism. Material and Method In this case-control study, a total of 100 subjects (50 newly diagnosed patients of hypothyroidism and 50 controls) were enrolled aged between 25 and 60 years. Biochemical parameters such as thyroid profile, serum Zn, and P were estimated in each subject. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result The mean level of body mass index (BMI), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and serum P was found significantly elevated in cases compared to controls (p < 0.001). However, the mean level of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and serum Zn was found significantly reduced in cases compared to controls (p < 0.001). The serum Zn has shown a significant negative correlation with T3 and BMI among cases (r= -0.313 p < 0.05, r= -0.338 p < 0.05, respectively). However, Serum P has shown a significant positive correlation with TSH and BMI among cases (r = 0.310 p < 0.05, r = 0.449 p < 0.01, respectively). Regression analysis indicated that serum Zn significantly predicted hypothyroidism (p < 0.00). Similarly, Serum P significantly predicted hypothyroidism (p < 0.007). Conclusion Results showed that serum Zn levels were significantly reduced and serum P levels were significantly elevated in cases compared to controls. The serum Zn and serum P both may act as predictors for hypothyroidism and its complications.

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The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Body Composition and Thyroid Function in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 97 publications

Anti-Glycation Properties of Zinc-Enriched Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) Contribute to Prevention of Metaflammation in a Diet-Induced Obese Mouse Model

Anti-Glycation Properties of Zinc-Enriched Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) Contribute to Prevention of Metaflammation in a Diet-Induced Obese Mouse Model

The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Co-Supplementation on Resting Metabolic Rate, Thyroid Function, Physical Fitness, and Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese People under a Hypocaloric Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial

Determination of serum zinc and phosphorus levels in patients with hypothyroidism

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