The effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Zamani, Nasrindokht; Shams, Mesbah; Nimrouzi, Majid; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.; Foroughi, Amin Abolhasani; Fallahzadeh, Ebrahim; Fattahi, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2018.09.010

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Our literature review revealed that apart from the study of Shafizadeh et al (15), no other study has investigated the effects of Ajwain on the fatty liver. However, Hormati et al developed a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial study and showed that Dava Al-Balgham (a combination of Trachyspermum Ammi and three plants of Nigella sativa, Zataria multiflora, and Pistacia lentiscus) has a significantly greater effect on weight loss, waist circumfer- (27), and Beta vulgaris extract (28) in the treatment of fatty liver. Their results showed that herbal remedies have several properties (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Efficacy of Carum Copticum Seeds on the Treatment of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Triple–Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study

et al. 2021

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Background: The increased prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has caused several concerns. Besides, there are concerns about the side effects of the drugs used to treat this condition. Since the current treatments are not effective in treating NAFLD, developing a novel therapeutic option based on some medicinal plants is necessary. Few studies have investigated the natural drugs and their effects (e.g., extracts of Carum Copticum Seeds (CCS)) on these patients. Objectives: The current study intended to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CCS extracts on liver enzymes, serum lipids, as well as the grade of fatty liver, and anthropometric measurements in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: In this multi-center, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study, 90 patients with grades of 1 to 3 of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease referred to two medical centers located in Tehran (Iran) in 2019 are examined. Diet and exercise were recommended for patients three times a day in eight weeks, in addition to taking 500 mg capsules (aqueous extracts of Ajwain seeds and placebo for treatment and placebo groups). Results: Medical records of 68 patients were reviewed, 48 (71%) male and 20 (29%) female. Both groups were similar concerning demographic and baseline characteristics. The total score of the Leeds questionnaire [-14.03 vs. -7.49, P = 0.048], Triglyceride (TG) [-4.45 vs. 10.03, P = 0.017], and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) [-14.71 vs. -4.79, P = 0.012] were significantly changed in the treatment group compared to the control group. Nevertheless, a different situation was observed for Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) [-7.08 vs. -4.84, P = 0.314], Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) [-2.88 vs. -2.81, P = 0.207], and Body Mass Index (BMI) [-0.59 vs. -0.39, P = 0.095]. Although a significant change was found in both groups, the amount of decline was similar for both groups. In both groups, the cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) did not change significantly. The sonographic findings indicated significantly higher improvements in the intervention group than the placebo group (RR = 2.43, 95% CI (1.15-5.65), and P value = 0.034). Conclusions: The result of this study supports the efficacy of Carum copticum seeds in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. It was found that CCS with a significant reduction in ALT, TG, and relative reduction of BMI can help physicians to manage other metabolic disorders associated with NAFLD, such as obesity and hyperlipidemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Efficacy of Carum Copticum Seeds on the Treatment of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Triple–Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study

et al. 2021

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“…e final sample size was calculated using a similar study [30], considering a power of 80% and α � 0.05. By the expectation of potential loss to follow-up, 74 patients (37 persons in each group) were enrolled.…”

Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Plantago major Seed on Liver Enzymes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Jazayeri

Ghods

Dabaghian

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. This study aims to evaluate the effects of Plantago major (P. major) seed on liver enzymes and ultrasound patterns in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Design. In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 74 patients with NAFLD were administered either 2 g P. major or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. All patients were advised to follow the recommendations for daily exercise and diet modification. Levels of liver enzymes as well as other laboratory indexes were measured at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks. Indeed, the alteration in ultrasound grade was evaluated in NAFLD patients. Results. Sixty-three participants completed the study in the intervention and control groups. The mean age of participants was 43.3 (±8.927) and 38.7 (±8.48) years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. P. major group showed significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (47.32 ± 21.77 IU/L vs. 50.03 ± 21.19, P = 0.021), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (28.29 ± 10.49 IU/L vs. 32.03 ± 13.30, P = 0.004), triglyceride (TG) (200.93 ± 106.741 mg/dl vs. 183.75 ± 73.96, P = 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (101.25 ± 9.27 cm vs. 101.18 ± 8.63, P = 0.027), and grade of fatty liver in ultrasonography ( P = 0.038), comparing to the placebo group. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding serum levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, and other outcomes. Conclusion. P. major supplementation with a daily dose of 2 g for 12 weeks improved serum levels of ALT, AST, and TG in patients with NAFLD. Further studies with a larger sample size are recommended.

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“…However, no significant difference between two ZM-treated groups and placebo groups regarding ALT, TNF-a, grade of fatty liver in ultrasonography, lipid profiles, and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), while it could improve insulin resistance in patients with NAFLD. Further studies with larger sample size and longer duration are recommended (Zamani et al, 2018).…”

Section: Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Herbal Medicines and Natural Products on Regulating the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism

Guo

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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The dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism is one of the hallmarks in many liver diseases including alcoholic liver diseases (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Hepatic inflammation, lipoperoxidative stress as well as the imbalance between lipid availability and lipid disposal, are direct causes of liver steatosis. The application of herbal medicines with anti-oxidative stress and lipid-balancing properties has been extensively attempted as pharmaceutical intervention for liver disorders in experimental and clinical studies. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying their hepatoprotective effects warrant further exploration, increasing evidence demonstrated that many herbal medicines are involved in regulating lipid accumulation processes including hepatic lipolytic and lipogenic pathways, such as mitochondrial and peroxisomal b-oxidation, the secretion of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) uptake, and some vital hepatic lipogenic enzymes. Therefore, in this review, the pathways or crucial mediators participated in the dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism are systematically summarized, followed by the current evidences and advances in the positive impacts of herbal medicines and natural products on the lipid metabolism pathways are detailed. Furthermore, several herbal formulas, herbs or herbal derivatives, such as Erchen Dection, Danshen, resveratrol, and berberine, which have been extensively studied for their promising potential in mediating lipid metabolism, are particularly highlighted in this review. FIGURE 1 | Major processes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. Li et al.

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The effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Evaluating the Efficacy of Carum Copticum Seeds on the Treatment of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Triple–Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study

Evaluating the Efficacy of Carum Copticum Seeds on the Treatment of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Triple–Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study

The Efficacy of Plantago major Seed on Liver Enzymes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

The Impacts of Herbal Medicines and Natural Products on Regulating the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism

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