The effects of weathering and chemical dispersion on Deepwater Horizon crude oil toxicity to mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) early life stages

Mahi‐mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) life development: morphological, physiological, behavioral and molecular phenotypes

“…Indeed, during the last few decades, mahi has become an emergent model for examining population genetics, developmental physiology, metabolic responses, nutritional physiology, egg and larval performance over time, and climate change effects . Mahi have also been studied extensively regarding the impact of environmental toxicants . The emergence of this model fish has been accelerated by the need to develop more sophisticated scientific approaches for understanding the impact of environmental stressors, especially the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil spill in 2010.…”

The influence of heart developmental anatomy on cardiotoxicity-based adverse outcome pathways in fish

“…2). These effects range from outright embryonic heart failure and mortality at relative high PAH exposures (Adams et al, 2014a;Adams et al, 2014b;Esbaugh et al, 2016;Incardona et al, 2014;Incardona et al, 2013;Jung et al, 2013;Jung et al, 2015;Madison et al, 2015;Martin et al, 2014;McIntyre et al, 2016a;McIntyre et al, 2016b;Sørhus et al, 2015), to more subtle effects on heart shape and delayed impacts on cardiovascular performance at lower concentrations (Hicken et al, 2011;Incardona et al, 2015). These latter, protracted physiological impacts likely contributed to the delayed mortality and poor population recruitment previously observed both in 1) mark-recapture studies with pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) exposed to crude oil during embryogenesis (Heintz, 2007;Heintz et al, 2000) and 2) the losses of wild pink salmon spawned in shoreline habitats that were oiled in the aftermath of the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster (Rice et al, 2001).…”

“…Examples include Pacific herring (Incardona et al, 2012a&b), bluefin and yellowfin tunas , and mahi mahi (Edmunds et al, 2015;Esbaugh et al, 2016). These conventional methods will be augmented by molecular and biochemical markers for cardiotoxicity as they continue to emerge (e.g., Edmunds et al, 2015).…”

Novel transcriptome assembly and comparative toxicity pathway analysis in mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) embryos and larvae exposed to Deepwater Horizon oil

“…The DHW oil is a complex chemical mixture, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated homologues being the main toxic components to fish embryos78. The composition and structure of individual PAHs in the water column can be significantly altered by weathering processes, and it has been shown that weathered surface slick oil (3- and 4-ring PAHs enriched) is more toxic than non-weathered source oil to mahi-mahi on a ∑PAH basis at different levels from molecular to physiological functions910. Numerous studies have investigated the developmental toxicity of crude oil to fish embryos and larvae and identified a variety of abnormalities such as cardiac function, kidney development, formation of the craniofacial skeleton (eye and jaw), nervous system as well as reduced swimming performance710111213.…”