The effects of walking on the cross-sectional dimensions of the radius in postmenopausal women

Sandler, Rivka Black; Cauley, Jane A.; Hom, David L.; Sashin, Donald; Kriska, Andrea M.

doi:10.1007/bf02555246

Cited by 96 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…18 Even if the inverse association between finasteride and fracture risk is due to a decreased risk of falls, it is not clear if decreased risk of fracture represents a direct effect of androgen or an increase in estrogen levels due to increased levels of substrate for aromatase. And while previous studies of 5-␣ reductase inhibitors have not 20,21 Based on the inverse association observed in this study, these men may avoid 500 of these hip fractures, owing to the effects of 5-␣ reductase inhibition. In this study population, however, the use of these agents was fairly low, and the use of dutasteride almost nonexistent.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 51%

Association Between 5-α Reductase Inhibition and Risk of Hip Fracture

Jacobsen

Cheetham²,

Haque³

et al. 2008

JAMA

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 51%

Association Between 5-α Reductase Inhibition and Risk of Hip Fracture

Jacobsen

Cheetham²,

Haque³

et al. 2008

JAMA

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“…Therefore no overall treatment effects are calculated for the radius, although this is a bone site at risk for osteoporotic fractures, because only a few studies specifically loaded the radius [42,51,55]. In most studies the training of the forearms is only a small part of the training program, if at all, and is hardly reported [47][48][49][50]52,53,[56][57][58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Exercise Training Programs on Bone Mass: A Meta-analysis of Published Controlled Trials in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women

Wolff

Croonenborg

Kemper

et al. 1999

Osteoporosis International

508

281

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With the aging of the population, the medical and social costs of skeletal fragility leading to fractures will cause an immense burden on society unless effective prophylactic and therapeutic regimens can be developed. Exercise is suggested as a possible regimen against involutional bone loss. The purpose of the present meta-analysis is to address a quantitative review of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized controlled trials (CTs) on the effects of exercise training programs on bone mass, measured as bone mineral density (BMD) or bone mineral content (BMC), of the lumbar spine (LS) and the femoral neck (FN) in pre- and postmenopausal women. The literature from 1966 through December 1996 was searched for published RCTs and CTs. Study treatment effect is defined as the difference between percentage change in bone mass per year in the training group and the control group. Overall treatment effects (OTs) with the 95% confidence intervals of these study treatment effects were calculated using inverse-variance weighting. Of the 62 articles identified, 25 met the inclusion criteria and were maintained for further analyses. The weighted OTs for the RCTs showed very consistently that the exercise training programs prevented or reversed almost 1% of bone loss per year in both LS and FN for both pre- and postmenopausal women. The two OTs that could be calculated for strength training programs did not reach significance. The OTs for the CTs were almost twice as high as those for the RCTs, which gives an indication of the confounding introduced by the nonrandom allocation of the subjects to groups.

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“…The effects of exercise and different levels of activity have been investigated successfully [14,15]. Children have been scanned at the forearm to verify bone mineral disorders [16,17] or to investigate age, sex and body size effects [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Bone Mineral Assessment at the Forearm: A Review

Augat

Fuerst

Genant

1998

Osteoporosis International

103

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Bone mineral density and geometric properties of the human forearm can be measured to determine the amount of bone or bone loss at the scanning site and to predict the risk of forearm fractures. These forearm measurements are also used to estimate bone mass at remote anatomical locations and thereby estimate the risk for spine, hip and other fractures. The peripheral location of the human forearm, with its relatively small amount of surrounding soft tissue, improves the accuracy and the precision of bone mass measurement and has made this site an early choice for the assessment of a subject's bone mineral status. Furthermore, the anatomy of the human radius enables the examination of both cortical and cancellous bone. This review describes the procedures for non-invasive bone assessment at peripheral sites including some of the more recently developed systems dedicated to assessment of the distal radius. The accuracy, precision and normative values they provide are presented. Responses to different forms of therapies as well as the ability to discriminate or predict osteoporotic fractures are also assessed. Low radiation dose, comfortable and fast handling, moderate cost, and a strong association with the risk of non-spine fractures, promote the use of forearm scanning as a widely applied screening procedure for the detection of generalised osteoporotic bone loss. However, a higher accuracy of fracture risk prediction at the spine or at the hip can be achieved by a direct bone density measurement at these sites. The monitoring of treatment at the distal forearm appears to require a longer follow-up time due to its decreased responsiveness compared with such highly trabecular load-bearing sites as the spine and the proximal femur.

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The effects of walking on the cross-sectional dimensions of the radius in postmenopausal women

Cited by 96 publications

References 21 publications

Association Between 5-α Reductase Inhibition and Risk of Hip Fracture

Association Between 5-α Reductase Inhibition and Risk of Hip Fracture

The Effect of Exercise Training Programs on Bone Mass: A Meta-analysis of Published Controlled Trials in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women

Quantitative Bone Mineral Assessment at the Forearm: A Review

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