The Effects of Video and Nonnegative Social Feedback on Distorted Appraisals of Bodily Sensations and Social Anxiety

Abstract

The effects of video feedback and nonnegative feedback from other people were examined as possibly ameliorating distorted appraisals of bodily sensations, as well as subjective and physiological anxiety in socially anxious individuals. Nonnegative feedback from a confederate emphasized the absence of negative outcomes (e.g., did not seem to tremble) rather than the presence of positive outcomes (e.g., looked calm). Socially anxious students were randomly assigned to either the experimental group, which received video and social feedback (n=12), or the control group (n 13). Participants were asked to give a videotaped speech twice. After the first speech, the experimental group watched the videotape of their speech and received feedback from a confederate, whereas the control group watched the video of another person's speech. The intervention improved distorted appraisal of bodily sensations and anticipatory anxiety for the experimental group. However, there were no differential effects on anxiety between the groups during speeches.

The Effect of Combination of Video Feedback and Audience Feedback on Social Anxiety

“…Supporting our hypotheses, participants who received the combined audience and video feedback significantly improved their self-rating of performance, state anxiety, and bodily sensation cognitions when compared with those who did not receive any feedback. These results parallel the findings from previous studies (Chen et al, 2010;Kanai et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2002;Rodebaugh, 2004;Rodebaugh et al, 2010), suggesting that combined audience feedback and video feedback is effective in improving participants' selfperception of performance and reducing self-perception of bodily sensation visibility. However, the lack of benefit from video feedback in reducing anxiety levels in a social situation has been repeatedly reported (Orr & Moscovitch, 2010;Rodebaugh, 2004;Smits et al, 2006).…”

“…The current results replicate and extend previous findings (Chen et al, 2010;Kanai et al, 2011), namely, that participants are likely to benefit from the combined video and audience feedback in improving their self-perceptions of performance, bodily sensations, and state anxiety pertaining to a specific social situation. Although most previous studies have examined the effects of video feedback in an individual setting, little is known about whether this intervention is also effective in a group setting.…”

“…It is possible that the explicit and immediate verbal feedback from the audience facilitates the effect of video feedback by preventing potential biased cognitive processing and helping the participant recognize that their performance is not a catastrophe, a potential mechanism suggested by Smits et al (2006) and Chen et al (2010). The present study also extends Kanai et al (2011) by identifying whether one component alone (i.e., video feedback alone, audience feedback alone) may produce similar effects as the combined audience feedback and video feedback, providing preliminary evidence for each feedback strategy and the combination.…”

Combined Audience and Video Feedback With Cognitive Review Improves State Anxiety and Self-Perceptions During Speech Tasks in Socially Anxious Individuals

“…There was also no significant difference between the three conditions without audience feedback in participants' perceived probability of negative evaluation scores. These results parallel and extend findings from previous studies (Chen et al, 2010(Chen et al, , 2015Kanai, Sasagawa, Chen, & Sakano, 2011;Orr & Moscovitch, 2010), demonstrating a beneficial effect of combined audience feedback with video feedback plus cognitive preparation and cognitive review on negative self-perceptions of performance, perceived negative evaluation, and state anxiety. In addition, effect sizes in the CP+VF+AF+CR condition for the reduction of both state anxiety and perceived negative evaluation were two to three times as large as those of the other conditions.…”

The Use of Technology to Augment Clinical Care in Depression and Anxiety Disorders: An Evidence Map

“…The interventions involving computers had the third-highest rate of assessment completion, and smartphone interventions had the lowest rate. There were ten studies (4 percent of all published RCTs) that had a 100 percent follow-up assessment rate (Selmi et al, 1991;Beard and Amir, 2008;Millán-Calenti et al, 2015;Kanai et al, 2011;Eisdorfer et al, 2003;Dennis, 2003;Boettcher, Hasselrot, et al, 2014;Sandoval et al, 2016;Sethi, 2013). These tended to be the smaller studies, ranging from 36 to 225 participants with an average number of 86 participants.…”