The effects of vegetarian diets on glycemia and lipid parameters in adult patients with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yang, Xu; Mo, Guli; Yu, Yongguang; Li, Chuan

doi:10.1038/s41430-023-01283-x

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Data were confirmed by Wang et al (N = 832 total; Ovolacto/lacto-vegetarians: 291) [ 16 ], showing a greater dietary effect in subjects with a BMI ranging from 18.5 to 25 kg/m 2 (mean TC reduction: −0.94 mmol/L; 95%CI: −1.33, −0.55), and from 25 to 30 kg/m 2 (−0.58 mmol/L; 95%CI: −0.89, −0.27), than in those with a BMI >30 kg/m 2 (−0.16 mmol/L; 95%CI: −0.30, −0.01), and by Xu et al (N = 783) [ 17 ], reporting lower TC in overweight and obese people (WMD: −0.37 mmol/L; 95%CI: −0.52, −0.22) adopting a vegetarian diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Eight reviews focused on the effects of vegetarian diet on serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Six [ 15 , 17 , 18 , 21 – 23 ] found no significant difference between vegetarians and omnivores, when considering normal weight and overweight/obese people. On the contrary, the study by Dinu et al [ 14 ], based on 51 studies, for a total of 6,194 vegetarian adults, reported a WMD −0.15 mmol/L (95%CI: −0.19, −0.11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, Elliot et al [ 18 ], analyzing 43 observational and interventional studies, described lower LDL-C in people adopting plant based diets; a significant difference was reported by the study of Liang et al [ 21 ] based on 68 studies (MD: -0.29 to -0.17), and similar to data by Lamberg et al [ 15 ], based on 13 RCTs including for a total of 576 participants (MD: -0.14 mmol/L; 95%CI: -0.25, -0.02). The impact of vegetarian diet appeared even greater in overweight or obese people, according to the analysis by Xu et al [ 17 ], based on 7 RCTs (N = 783; MD: -0.31 mmol/L; 95%CI: -0.46, -0.16). Two reviews [ 19 , 20 ] reported similar results in overweight/obese patients and children aged 0–18 years, but no meta-analyses were conducted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, in the review by Elliott et al [ 18 ] no differences were reported in triglycerides. Xu et al [ 17 ] reported a significant increase of TG (WMD: 0.29 mmol/L; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.47) in vegetarians as compared to meat eaters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review

Capodici,

Mocciaro,

Gori

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer are the two main leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Suboptimal diet, poor in vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grain, and rich in processed and red meat, refined grains, and added sugars, is a primary modifiable risk factor. Based on health, economic and ethical concerns, plant-based diets have progressively widespread worldwide. Objective This umbrella review aims at assessing the impact of animal-free and animal-products-free diets (A/APFDs) on the risk factors associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases, cancer and their related mortalities. Data sources PubMed and Scopus were searched for reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published from 1st January 2000 to 31st June 2023, written in English and involving human subjects of all ages. Primary studies and reviews/meta-analyses based on interventional trials which used A/APFDs as a therapy for people with metabolic diseases were excluded. Data extraction The umbrella review approach was applied for data extraction and analysis. The revised AMSTAR-R 11-item tool was applied to assess the quality of reviews/meta-analyses. Results Overall, vegetarian and vegan diets are significantly associated with better lipid profile, glycemic control, body weight/BMI, inflammation, and lower risk of ischemic heart disease and cancer. Vegetarian diet is also associated with lower mortality from CVDs. On the other hand, no difference in the risk of developing gestational diabetes and hypertension were reported in pregnant women following vegetarian diets. Study quality was average. A key limitation is represented by the high heterogeneity of the study population in terms of sample size, demography, geographical origin, dietary patterns, and other lifestyle confounders. Conclusions Plant-based diets appear beneficial in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as CVDs, cancer risk and mortality. However, caution should be paid before broadly suggesting the adoption of A/AFPDs since the strength-of-evidence of study results is significantly limited by the large study heterogeneity alongside the potential risks associated with potentially restrictive regimens.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review

Capodici,

Mocciaro,

Gori

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Exploring Benefits and Barriers of Plant-Based Diets: Health, Environmental Impact, Food Accessibility and Acceptability

Viroli,

Kalmpourtzidou,

Cena

2023

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unhealthy dietary patterns are directly linked to the current Global Syndemic consisting of non-communicable diseases, undernutrition and climate change. The dietary shift towards healthier and more sustainable plant-based diets is essential. However, plant-based diets have wide intra differences; varying from vegan diets that totally exclude meat and animal products to traditional ones such as the Mediterranean diet and the new Nordic diet. It is acknowledged that plant-based diets may contribute simultaneously to improving population health as well as to decreasing the environmental impact of food systems. Evidence from cohort and randomized-controlled trials suggests that plant-based dietary patterns have beneficial effects on bodyweight control, cardiovascular health and diabetes prevention and treatment. On the other hand, micronutrient requirements may not be met, if some plant-based diets are not well-planned. Additionally, studies showed that lower consumption of meat and animal products results in lower environmental impacts. Consequently, plant-based diets could be a key factor to increase diet sustainability. This narrative review addresses the advantages of adherence to plant-based diets on human and planetary health considering strains and barriers to achieve this dietary transition, including cultural acceptability and affordability factors. Finally, potential intervention and policy recommendations are proposed, focusing on the update of current national food-based dietary guidelines.

show abstract

The effects of vegetarian diets on glycemia and lipid parameters in adult patients with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review

Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review

Exploring Benefits and Barriers of Plant-Based Diets: Health, Environmental Impact, Food Accessibility and Acceptability

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About