The Effects of Umbel Order, Soaking, and Scarification on Germination Inhibiting Substances in Petroselinum crispum L. and Other Apiaceae Seeds

Abstract

<jats:p>Seed from six species of the <jats:italic>Apiaceae</jats:italic> and six parsley (<jats:italic>Petroselinum crispum</jats:italic> L.) cultivars with three seed lots of each parsley cultivar were tested for the presence of germination inhibiting substances. Aqueous leachate from seed of all six species inhibited germination of lettuce (<jats:italic>Lactuca sativa</jats:italic> L.) and radish (<jats:italic>Raphanus sativus</jats:italic> L.). Leachate from root parsley seeds <jats:italic>(P. crispum tuberosum</jats:italic>) were least inhibitory, while leachate from celery and celeriac (both <jats:italic>Apium graveolens</jats:italic> L.) seeds were most inhibitory. Inhibitory concentrations in leachate varied by seed lot within a cultivar. Aqueous leachate of seeds from the primary umbels caused less inhibition of germination than did leachate from tertiary umbels. Washing parsley seeds in aerated water for 3 hours or more removed some of the germination inhibitory substance as indicated by the germination bioassay. An aqueous extract prepared from seedcoat tissue, removed during mechanical scarification, inhibited radish seed germination; inhibition was proportional to the duration of scarification and the amount of seedcoat tissue extracted. Parsley seeds scarified ≤60 minutes germinated at rates comparable to washed seeds, but longer scarification time reduced germination. Washing seeds of <jats:italic>Apiaceae</jats:italic> prior to commercial drying and cleaning may be a practical solution for removal of inhibitors.</jats:p>

Effect of seed position and soil nutrients on seed mass, germination and seedling growth in Peucedanum oreoselinum (Apiaceae)

“…For example, it is generally accepted that seedling size is usually directly related with food reserves and energy content of seeds 6 , 7 . Since the inflorescence of the Apiaceae family consists of a series of sequentially formed umbels producing seeds, the position of a seed or fruit on a plant can affect seed mass, morphology, germination and dormancy characteristics 11 – 14 . Positional effect on seed mass was reported widely for many species.…”

Hydro-Electro Hybrid Priming Promotes Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seed Germination by Activating Lipid Utilization and Respiratory Metabolism

“…For carrots, especially with the rising cost of seeds, it is important to reduce the consumption and cost of seeds through mechanized precision sowing in cultivation, which has higher requirements for seed vigor. In addition, previous studies have noted that many species of the Apiaceae family, including carrots, have non-uniform and asynchronized seed germination, which may be a common problem in the Apiaceae family [37][38][39]. The current study on carrot germination and the response to seed priming will also contribute to extending our knowledge of the germination mechanism in the Apiaceae family and the conservation of Apiaceae germplasm resources.…”

Pericarp, Leachate, and Carbohydrate Involvement in Thermoinhibition of Germinating Spinach Seeds

“…Removal of water soluble chemical inhibitors may be an important step to alleviate seed thermoinhibition, but it is unknown for spinach genotypes. Methods to remove seed inhibitors or to release seeds from thermodormancy include washing, scarification, and osmopriming (Atherton and Farooque, 1983b;Cantliffe et al, 1984;Hassell and Kretchman, 1997;Masuda and Konishi, 1993).…”