The Effects of Ultra-Low Viscosity Engine Oil on Mechanical Efficiency and Fuel Economy

Zhang, Yanyan; Ma, Ziyuan; Feng, Yan; Diao, Ziyu; Liu, Zhentao

doi:10.3390/en14082320

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The HFFR apparatus, in addition to measuring the WS 1.4 value, enables the determination of the average value of the sliding friction coefficient µ and the FILM parameter, which describes the reduction in percentage for oil film resistance during the test. The coefficient of sliding friction for the kinetic friction is the ratio of the friction force F to the force P of the body on the ground (i.e., another body) during the mutual sliding motion of these bodies, i.e., Equation (5).…”

Section: Tribological Properties Of the Lubricating Oil Diluted With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two extreme approaches in the literature to the subject of lubricating oil contamination by diesel oil, and the effects of this contamination on engine operation [4], e.g., the seizing of bearings in the crank-piston system [5]. The first is the approach presented in a paper published by Ferguson [6] and by CIMAC [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seizure of the tribologically coupled elements (here, the pistons, piston rings, and cylinder liners) is associated with an excessive increase in the working surface temperature (due to lubricating oil viscosity drop [5] or lubricating oil contamination [17]). Thermal energy transferred via conduction is described, with a good approximation, by the Fourier differential equation [18], i.e.,:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Impact of Lubricating Oil Contamination by Biodiesel on Trunk Piston Engine Reliability

2023

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The rheological, ignition, and tribological properties of lubricating oils diluted with biodiesel were analyzed. The flash point tFP, calculated cetane index CCI, density ρ, coefficient of the temperature density change ε, kinematic viscosity ν, dynamic viscosity η, viscosity index VI, and lubricity during a High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFFR) test (x, y, WSD, and WS1.4) and lubricating conditions during an HFFR test (oil film resistance FILM and friction coefficient μ) were determined. The test was performed for the oil mixtures of the lubricating oil of the SAE 30 and SAE 40 viscosity grades, which were diluted with the biodiesel blend (D93B7—diesel oil with 7% v/v fatty acid methyl esters, FAME) at concentrations of diesel oil in the mixture equal to 0% (pure lubricating oil), 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, and 75% m/m, respectively. The experiment confirmed the existence of clear relationships between the increase in the dilution of lubricating oil with tested biodiesel blend and tFP, ρ, ε, ν, η, and VI, and the deterioration of lubrication conditions. It is recommended to take remedial action even in the case of low diesel oil concentration (<5% m/m) in the lubricating oil due to tFP, ν, and η changes. Simultaneously, the tests showed no significant effect on the lubricity and the CCI. The critical contamination of oil with fuel in the range of 2–5% by weight, as indicated in the literature, still allowed for a certain “safety margin” regarding these parameters. However, when the concentration of diesel fuel in the lubricating oil exceeded 5–8% m/m, the deterioration of the lubrication was expressed by a decrease in FILM and an increase in μ was observed; hence, such a contamination should be considered excessive. When the concentration of diesel fuel exceeds 10% by weight, there is a serious risk of engine damage during operation.

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Section: Tribological Properties Of the Lubricating Oil Diluted With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Impact of Lubricating Oil Contamination by Biodiesel on Trunk Piston Engine Reliability

2023

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“…Lower viscosity can result in less fluid friction, and friction modifiers can reduce the friction and wear of surface asperities. The combination of the two can improve the fuel economy of the engine while ensuring engine reliability [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Polymer friction modifier (PFM) is environmentally friendly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Properties of Polymer Friction Improvers Combined with MoDTC/ZDDP at Different Temperatures

Hong

et al. 2023

Lubricants

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To expand the applications of polymer friction modifiers in low viscosity oils suitable for hybrid power systems, the tribological properties of five kinds of oil samples at different temperatures were studied, which were compounded with polymer friction modifiers Perfad XG 2500, molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP). When Perfad XG 2500 is used alone, it forms a brush-like surface film at low temperatures, which can provide lower initial friction. With the rise in temperature, its antifriction effect decreases significantly, which is related to the desorption behavior of physical film. When Perfad XG 2500 is combined with MoDTC, it has the best synergistic antifriction effect, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by a maximum of 20.83% (90 °C). Its friction coefficients decrease significantly with the increase in temperature due to the dissociation process of MoDTC catalyzed by high temperature. However, there are many furrows on the worn surfaces, and the sharp features of the profiles are obvious. When Perfad XG 2500 is combined with ZDDP, it has the best synergistic anti-wear effect, and the total wear depth is reduced by 49.6%. Its worn surface is smooth and defect-free, with minimal residual strain. The friction coefficients are hardly affected by temperature, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by a maximum of 14.4% (30 °C). When Perfad XG 2500, MoDTC and ZDDP are used together, the average friction coefficient is reduced by up to 15.2% (30 °C). Its friction coefficient increases slightly with the rise in temperature. The reason for its moderate tribological performance may be related to the superficial competition of various additives.

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“…Low-viscosity engine oil has been put in use with the need to reduce friction loss and improve fuel consumption [1][2][3][4]. Theoretically, low-viscosity engine oil should reduce friction loss under mixed-hydrodynamic lubrication conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N-Oleoyl Sarcosine as an Engine Oil Friction Modifier, Part 1: Tribological Performance of NOS+ZDDP Mixture at 100°C

et al. 2022

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The friction coefficient when a Fe surface was lubricated with an additive mixture of N-Oleoyl sarcosine (NOS), a commercial organic friction modifier, and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) was measured at 100°C using a ball-on-disk tribometer under boundary lubrication conditions. The sliding surface was observed with a 3D laser microscope to investigate the tribo-film morphology and to evaluate the anti-wear performance. The findings indicate that this additive mixture enhanced tribological lubrication behavior in terms of friction-reducing and anti-wear properties under extended sliding cycle conditions. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) studies were conducted to analyze the elemental composition of sliding surfaces after tribo-tests and to estimate the friction reduction mechanism of the additive mixture. The EDX results revealed a noticeable decrease in S, suggesting that the NOS suppresses ZDDP decomposition and reduces the adsorption of the decomposition products.

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The Effects of Ultra-Low Viscosity Engine Oil on Mechanical Efficiency and Fuel Economy

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Assessment of the Impact of Lubricating Oil Contamination by Biodiesel on Trunk Piston Engine Reliability

Assessment of the Impact of Lubricating Oil Contamination by Biodiesel on Trunk Piston Engine Reliability

Tribological Properties of Polymer Friction Improvers Combined with MoDTC/ZDDP at Different Temperatures

N-Oleoyl Sarcosine as an Engine Oil Friction Modifier, Part 1: Tribological Performance of NOS+ZDDP Mixture at 100°C

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