The effects of two-step reactive processing on the properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Wang, Kai; Qian, Jiasheng; Lou, Feipeng; Wei, Yan; Wu, Guangxin; Guo, Weihong

doi:10.1007/s00289-016-1850-9

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An effective method to assess the elastic behavior in various structures of a polymer is Cole‐Cole diagram which is strongly dependent on the molecular weight distribution and branching, while is independent of molecular weight. In Cole‐Cole diagram, the criterion of melt elasticity is the status of the data relative to the G" = G' line 24 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheological/thermal properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by chain extenders of pyromellitic dianhydride and pentaerythritol

Dolatshah

Ahmadi

Ershad‐Langroudi

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Due to low molecular weight and wide molecular weight distribution, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) shows weak melt strength properties. In this study, the synergistic effect of using different types of chain extenders and catalyst on rheological behavior of PET has been investigated. Long-chain branching is known as a suitable method for developing the structure of PET during reactive melt processing. Thus, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and pentaerythritol (PENTA) were added to the fiber grade PET. The best formulation was determined based on rheological results, which revealed an improvement in both storage modulus and complex viscosity of PMDA-modified samples. Samples containing 1.5% PMDA and 0.5% PENTA exhibited the best rheological properties. Also, dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) acted as an accelerator for chain extension reaction during reactive melt blending. Subsequently, the rheological properties were improved by increasing the chain extending rate. Moreover, thermal properties such as crystallization and melting temperatures and the degree of crystallinity for modified PET were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Cole-Cole diagram, the criterion of melt elasticity is the status of the data relative to the G" = G' line. 24 In Figure 5, the Cole-Cole diagram is presented for modified and unmodified samples. The results indicated that the Cole-Cole diagram for modified and unmodified sample were very disparate.…”

Section: Cole-colementioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological/thermal properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by chain extenders of pyromellitic dianhydride and pentaerythritol

Dolatshah

Ahmadi

Ershad‐Langroudi

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In addition, many studies have demonstrated that GMA is an efficient end‐capping agent of PET consuming the terminal carboxyl groups of PET during the chain extension; thus, carboxyl content analysis is another measure of the chain extension process. The results of the carboxyl content analysis are also listed in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet‐induced chain extension of poly(ethylene terephthalate) based on radical reaction with the aid of trimethylolpropane triacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate during extrusion

Huang

Tang

et al. 2020

Polymer International

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In order to improve the processing properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), carbon-carbon double bonds were endcapped onto the chain end of PET by reacting with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and then the product was reacted with trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) based on a free radical reaction initiated by ultraviolet light to form long-chain branching structures. The reaction was demonstrated by intrinsic viscosity measurements, carboxyl content analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. Then the rheological and thermal properties of PET were investigated with various TMPTA and GMA contents. Chain extended PET displayed higher complex viscosity than pristine PET and pronounced shear-thinning behavior. Moreover, the relaxation time spectrum revealed that the modified PET displayed a longer relaxation time during the relaxation process, which was attributed to the higher degree of entanglements resulting from long-chain branching. Besides, its crystallization temperature and melt temperature shifted to lower temperatures, and the glass transition temperature shifted to higher temperature, indicating that the thermal properties of the modified PET had also been improved. Thus this method can be used to improve the overall properties of PET. Figure 9. Loss factor tan ⊐ as a function of temperature for T00, T50, T50G25 and T50G50 in N 2 .UV-induced chain extension of PET based on radical reaction www.soci.org Polym Int 2020; 69: 611-618

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“…Also, the high crystallinity of PHBV makes it stiff at temperatures up to its T m but very fluid above its T m , resulting in a very narrow temperature window for processing . The processability of PHBV has been improved by: (1) broadening the processing window by including additives to lower the PHBV T m and/or increase the T p ; (2) decreasing the degree of crystallinity ( X c ) of PHBV by increasing the valerate content or incorporation of elastomers, nanofillers, or other thermoplastics which can decrease the nucleation density of PHBV; (3) improving the melt strength of PHBV by introducing long‐chain branched structures or melt strength enhancers, such as acrylic copolymer and silicate nanoclays; and (4) improving the thermal stability of PHBV by incorporating polymer which can efficiently dissipate the heat to minimize its thermal degradation during the manufacturing process . For example, PHBV blended with dynamically crosslinked PBS had increased viscosity and improved processability …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐based blends from poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) and natural rubber for packaging applications

Zhao

Venoor

Koelling

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a promising bioplastic but has limited packaging applications due to its brittleness and poor processability. Incorporation of highly viscous high-molecular-weight natural rubber (HMW-NR, gel extracted from NR) into PHBV can improve these properties. HMW-NR is not commercially available, impeding commercialization of the PHBV/rubber blends. Therefore, an organic peroxide was used to selectively crosslink NR to increase its viscosity during its melt blending with PHBV. The PHBV/NR blends were fabricated through a two-step extrusion process using a twin-screw extruder. The blends contained two phases with crosslinked rubber being dispersed in PHBV, and had clear rubber loading-dependent differences in performance. The thermal stability and melt strength of the blends were enhanced over pristine PHBV, indicating improved processability. The flexibility and toughness of the blends were improved by 59 and 20%, respectively, compared with pristine PHBV, and were comparable to commercial petroleum-based plastics.

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The effects of two-step reactive processing on the properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Rheological/thermal properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by chain extenders of pyromellitic dianhydride and pentaerythritol

Rheological/thermal properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by chain extenders of pyromellitic dianhydride and pentaerythritol

Ultraviolet‐induced chain extension of poly(ethylene terephthalate) based on radical reaction with the aid of trimethylolpropane triacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate during extrusion

Bio‐based blends from poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) and natural rubber for packaging applications

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