The effects of two microsporidian pathogens on the two-spotted lady beetle, Adalia bipunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Steele, T.; Bjørnson, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2011.11.007

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Infection with one or both microsporidia did not affect sex ratios, adult fecundity, or longevity. Although N. adaliae spores (5.43 ± 0.06 × 2.75 ± 0.03 μm) are larger than those of T. hippodamiae, spores of these microsporidia are difficult to differentiate when specimens infected with both pathogens are examined by light microscopy (Steele & Bjørnson 2012).…”

Section: Adalia Bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, microsporidia-infected beneficial arthropods exhibit a variety of symptoms, including reduced food consumption, prolonged larval and pupal development, deformed pupae and adults, reduced fecundity and longevity, and death (e.g., see Brooks & Cranford 1972;Siegel et al 1986b;Zchori-Fein et al 1992;Geden et al 1995;Bjørnson & Keddie 1999;Schuld et al 1999;Idris et al 2001;Steele & Bjørnson 2012). Microsporidia may have more noticeable effects when host insects are under stress (Kluge & Caldwell 1992), as is often the case in mass-rearings.…”

Section: Microsporidia As Pathogens Of Beneficial Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microsporidium Nosema adaliae has recently been described from field-collected A. bipunctata (Steele & Bjørnson 2014), and because lady beetles are known to be susceptible to more than one species of microsporidia, Steele and Bjørnson (2012) examined the effects of two microsporidian pathogens on the fitness of A. bipunctata under laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Adalia Bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsporidia Biological Control Agents and Pathogens of Beneficial Insects

Bjørnson

2014

Microsporidia

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Section: Adalia Bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microsporidia As Pathogens Of Beneficial Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adalia Bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsporidia Biological Control Agents and Pathogens of Beneficial Insects

Bjørnson

2014

Microsporidia

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“…Only few studies report no negative effects of a microsporidian parasite on its native host; although the infection of two lady beetles resulted in prolonged larval development and no higher mortality was recorded (34)(35)(36). We suggest that the prolonged survival time of infected T. minor might increase the possibility of infecting organs other than the gut, such as the ovaries that make vertical transmission of the microsporidian pathogen possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Infection, course of disease and action of Canningia tomici in Tomicus piniperda and Tomicus minor (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

et al. 2017

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Background and purpose. The pine shoot beetles Tomicus piniperda and Tomicus minor are secondary tree pests attacking weakened Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra. Outbreaks occasionally occur, causing considerable economic damage. The microsporidian pathogen Canningia tomici infects T. piniperda as its principal host. Bioassays were used to study the infectivity, vertical transmission, and effects on survival and fecundity of C. tomici on the two beetle species. Austria (Lower Austria, Burgenland and Styria), Finland (Hyytiälä), Poland (Sękocin) (1, 2). T. piniperda occurs throughout Europe, from the northernmost regions of Norway, Finland, and Sweden, to the south of Central Europe. It has spread to China (3) and was accidentally introduced into the USA (4) and Canada (5, 6). The related species T. minor occurs sympatrically with T. piniperda, but uses different stem regions on pine trees. It is widespread throughout Europe, from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean region (2). Depending on the ambient temperature, overwintering adults of both species initiate flight activity in spring, with T. minor flying later than T. piniperda. Following mating, females tunnel mother galleries into the phloem and lay one clutch of eggs. Re-emergence of adult beetles occurs when breeding and oviposition is completed. Subsequently, they bore into shoots of mature pine trees for regeneration feeding, followed by the initiation of a sister brood in uninfested regions of the same tree or in uninfested logs. Both species may infest the same host tree; T. piniperda prefers the lower parts of trees with thick bark for breeding sites, while T. minor prefers trunk with thin bark. Both species bore/tunnel into one-year-old pine shoots for maturation feeding (7,8). Shoot feeding by young callow adults and older adult beetles causes the primary injuries to pine trees, resulting in twig death and weakening of the infested trees (9, 10). However, both beetle species are known as secondary pests in pine stands during the endemic phase. Nonetheless outbreaks occur occasionally, during which the beetles are able to attack vigorous trees (11). This causes considerable economic damage, particularly by T. minor. In addition to infesting living trees, both beetle species infest wind thrown, felled, and firedamaged trees, as well as fresh logs (7,(12)(13)(14). Moreover, these phloeophagous beetles introduce blue stain fungi (e.g. Leptographium wingfieldii, Ophiostoma minus), which interfere with water conduction, accelerate tree death, (15)(16)(17) and reduce the commercial value of timber when it develops blue stain. Materials and methods. Field collected beetles from several locations inBiological control has never been seriously attempted with bark beetles (18,19) and should be reconsidered in light of the results of a study conducted by Kohlmayr et al. (20), which reports the presence of the microsporidium Canningia tomici in cells of the midgut epithelium, adipose tissue, and ovariols of T. piniperda. Little has been reported about the ...

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“…In addition, microsporidian spores collected from the hemolymph of H. axyridis individuals were described as close relatives to Nosema thomsoni (Vilcinskas et al ., ), a species previously described in Lepidoptera (Wilson & Burke, ; Kyei‐Poku et al ., ). Often microsporidia cause chronic disease with sublethal effects lowering host fitness, for example, by reducing fecundity or increasing development time in coccinellids (Saito & Bjørnson, , ; Roy et al ., ; Steele & Bjørnson, ). Indications exist that invasive species may be less susceptible to horizontally transmitted microsporidian infection than native coccinellids (Saito & Bjørnson, , ; Roy et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do microsporidia function as “biological weapon” for Harmonia axyridis under natural conditions?

et al. 2015

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Invasive alien species, such as the multicoloured Asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis, are often regarded as major drivers of biodiversity loss. Therefore understanding which characteristics or mechanisms contribute to their invasive success is important. Here the role of symbiotic microsporidia in the hemolymph of H. axyridis was investigated in the context of intraguild predation between wild-caught H. axyridis and the native ladybird species Coccinella septempunctata. The microsporidia were recently discussed to contribute to the unpalatability of Harmonia for other coccinellids during intraguild predation and to function as "biological weapons". In the present study, visual detection of microsporidia in hemolymph samples revealed that 73.5% of H. axyridis were infected. Intraguild predation experiments between larvae of the two species showed a significant competitive advantage for H. axyridis, even against larger larvae of C. septempunctata. Adult C. septempunctata always killed and fed on H. axyridis larvae. However only 11.4% (4 of 47) of C. septempunctata that fed on infected H. axyridis died within 4 months. In contrast to previous studies this suggests that microsporidia or harmonine, the chemical defense compound of H. axyridis, do not lead to death of C. septempunctata preying on larvae of H. axyridis. Instead our results support the idea that competitive advantage during intraguild predation greatly facilitates the success of H. axyridis and that this may help this highly invasive species to outcompete native species. The impact of microsporidia on Harmonia itself as well as on interspecific interactions require further studies.

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The effects of two microsporidian pathogens on the two-spotted lady beetle, Adalia bipunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Microsporidia Biological Control Agents and Pathogens of Beneficial Insects

Microsporidia Biological Control Agents and Pathogens of Beneficial Insects

Infection, course of disease and action of Canningia tomici in Tomicus piniperda and Tomicus minor (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Do microsporidia function as “biological weapon” for Harmonia axyridis under natural conditions?

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