The effects of triadimefon on growth, sclerotial formation, and ultrastructure of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Stiers, David L.; Fellman, John K.; Tourneau, Duane Le

doi:10.1016/0098-8472(80)90012-x

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…In common they exhibit the same mode of action, the inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis (RAGSDALE 1977, SISLER andRAGSDALE 1984). In the particular case of the triazoles more background information is available about their influence on the fine structure of fungicide treated pathogens (VoiGT and PLEMPEL 1974, STIERS et al 1980, HiPPE 1984b, HIPPE and NIEDERMEYER 1984, HIPPE 1985a, HIPPE and KOLLER 1986. The uptake and the distribution of triazole agents such as triadimefon, triadimenol and fluotrimazole in cereal plants is documented by macroscopic transport studies (FOHR et al 1978, STEFFENS and WIENEKE 1981, STEFFENS et al 1982.…”

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Intracellular Localization of the Systemic Fungicide Triadimenol in Phytopathogenic Fungi

Hippe

Hermanns

1988

Journal of Phytopathology

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The intracellular localization of the radioactively labelled fungicide (3H)triadimenol A in the in vitro grown sporidia of Ustilago avenae and in the in vivo cultured powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordet) on barley (Hordeum vulgare) is described. The specimens were prepared by low temperature techniques: shock freezing, freeze substitution and embedding in Spurr's low viscosity resin. The localization of the fungicide was achieved by means of conventional electron microscopic autoradiography. The available experimental data allow a first qualitative analysis of the distribution of silver grains on freeze substituted sporidia of U. avenae and the infection structures of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. Concerning U. avenae the fungicide is detected preferentially over the vacuoles, the cytoplasm, and the cell walls after a six month exposure. The host pathogen system powdery mildew on barley exhibits an accumulation of silver grains in the host cell wall adjacent to the infection site and the papillae whereas decisively fewer grains occur inside the haustoria. Apart from this general localization pattern the haustoria show ultrastructural changes caused by the fungicide treatment: vesiculation and collapse of the sheath membrane as well as a diffuse appearance of the haustorial cytoplasm. Around the haustoria an aggregation of host cytoplasm material is observed.

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Intracellular Localization of the Systemic Fungicide Triadimenol in Phytopathogenic Fungi

Hippe

Hermanns

1988

Journal of Phytopathology

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Ultrastructural changes induced by the systemic fungicides triadimefon, nuarimol and imazalil nitrate in sporidia of Ustilago avenae

Hippe

1984

Pestic. Sci.

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The effects of the systemic fungicides triadimefon, nuarimol, and imazalil nitrate (5 μg ml‐1 for 8 and 16 h) on the ultrastructure of sporidia of Ustilago avenae were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopes. Thin‐section and freeze‐fracture techniques demonstrated fine structural alterations to the cytology of the fungus. Compared with untreated controls, in which the cells were generally unicellular and uniform in shape and ultrastructure, fungicide‐treated cells exhibited considerable thickening of peripheral cell walls and septa, an increased number of mitochondria that were enlarged and irregular in shape, greater amounts of endoplasmic reticulum, and extensive vacuolisation and accumulation of lipid bodies. The vacuoles were filled with membrane‐like aggregates and vesicles, which could be extruded by exocytosis. The plasmalemma ultrastructure of fungicide‐treated sporidia, observed by scanning electron microscopy after freeze‐fracture was significantly different from that of control cells. The antifungal agents caused hemispherical pits, protrusions, invaginations, and aggregation of intramembrane particles on the membrane fracture faces. Specific structures, on the plasmalemma of plasmatic and extraplasmatic fracture faces, support the assumption of exocytosis. The ultrastructural changes were more pronounced after triadimefon and nuarimol treatment than after imazalil nitrate treatment. An extended incubation time (16 h) with triadimefon and nuarimol resulted in complete destruction of the cellular system of most sporidia.

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Ultrastructural changes occurring in wheat leaves following triadimefon treatment

Pring

1986

Pestic. Sci.

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Changes occurred in leaf cells following treatment of glasshouse grown wheat seedlings with triadimefon by foliar application, root drench and vapour action. The effects were limited to cells adjacent to stomata, and included damage to the tonoplast and plasmalemma followed by breakdown of chloroplasts. These effects probably resulted from changes in membrane sterols induced by triadimefon treatment. They were severe local reactions, distinct from modification of gibberellin biosynthesis.

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The effects of triadimefon on growth, sclerotial formation, and ultrastructure of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Intracellular Localization of the Systemic Fungicide Triadimenol in Phytopathogenic Fungi

Intracellular Localization of the Systemic Fungicide Triadimenol in Phytopathogenic Fungi

Ultrastructural changes induced by the systemic fungicides triadimefon, nuarimol and imazalil nitrate in sporidia of Ustilago avenae

Ultrastructural changes occurring in wheat leaves following triadimefon treatment

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