The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation compared to standard bupropion for the treatment of tobacco dependence: A randomized sham-controlled trial

Behnam, Shahram Ghorbani; Mousavi, Seyed Abbas; Emamian, Mohammad Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.04.010

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Most importantly, however, no differences were found between the sham and active tDCS group in cigarette consumption and craving. This finding is not in line with a series of previous studies that have demonstrated that tDCS is effective in reducing cigarette smoking [17][18][19][20] and cigarette craving [11,12]. A possible explanation for this unexpected finding is that in the current study craving and cigarette consumption were assessed by means of EMA.…”

Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…This effect has been found for a variety of substances, such as tobacco [11,12], marijuana [13], cocaine [14], heroin [15], and alcohol [16]. For tobacco addiction specifically it was found that tDCS could not only reduce craving, but also cigarette consumption [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…For example, it is unclear how many sessions are needed for tDCS to be effective in tobacco addiction and for how long the effects last beyond one-month follow-up. Recently, it was shown that 20 sessions of anodal tDCS over the left DLPFC may reduce cigarette consumption beyond one-month follow-up [20]. The current study will explore whether the protocol with anodal tDCS over the right DLPFC can also have extended effects on smoking behaviour with fewer sessions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Finally, in contrast with previous studies that applied multiple sessions of tDCS, we applied 6 tDCS sessions on three different days in one week, instead of 5 or more session on at least five different days [e.g. 17,20]. A reduction in cigarette consumption could nevertheless be expected on the days that tDCS was applied.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of these studies suggest that a variety of tDCS protocols could cause a decrease in cigarette consumption and craving. In addition, it was found that multiple sessions of tDCS may even provide a promising substitute to bupropion treatment in tobacco addiction [20]. Findings from a recent metaanalysis indicate that anodal tDCS over the right DLPFC with cathodal tDCS over the DLPFC had the most positive effects on smoking behaviour [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No effect of repetitive tDCS on daily smoking behaviour in light smokers: A placebo controlled EMA study

et al. 2020

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Introduction The effectiveness of repetitive transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on reducing smoking behaviour has been studied with mixed results. Smoking behaviour is influenced by affect and context, therefore we choose to use mobile ecological momentary assessments (EMA) to measure changes in smoking behaviour after tDCS. Methods In a randomized, placebo-controlled, between subject study, we applied tDCS bilaterally with the anodal electrode targeting the right DLPFC (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT03027687). Smokers were allocated to six sessions of either active tDCS (n = 35) or sham tDCS (n = 36) and received two sessions on three different days in one week. They were asked to keep track of their daily cigarette consumption, craving and affect in an application on their mobile phones for three months starting one week before the first tDCS session. Results Number of smoked cigarettes a day progressively decreased up to one week after the last tDCS session in both conditions. Active treatment had no additional effect on cigarette consumption, craving and affect. Conclusions In this exploratory study, repetitive bilateral tDCS over the DLPFC had no effect on daily smoking behaviour. Future research needs to investigate how motivation to quit smoking and the number of tDCS sessions affect the efficacy of repetitive tDCS.

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Section: Plos Onecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No effect of repetitive tDCS on daily smoking behaviour in light smokers: A placebo controlled EMA study

et al. 2020

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Antidepressants for smoking cessation

Hajizadeh

Howes

Theodoulou

et al. 2023

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background The pharmacological profiles and mechanisms of antidepressants are varied. However, there are common reasons why they might help people to stop smoking tobacco: nicotine withdrawal can produce short‐term low mood that antidepressants may relieve; and some antidepressants may have a specific effect on neural pathways or receptors that underlie nicotine addiction. Objectives To assess the evidence for the efficacy, harms, and tolerability of medications with antidepressant properties in assisting long‐term tobacco smoking cessation in people who smoke cigarettes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register, most recently on 29 April 2022. Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in people who smoked, comparing antidepressant medications with placebo or no pharmacological treatment, an alternative pharmacotherapy, or the same medication used differently. We excluded trials with fewer than six months of follow‐up from efficacy analyses. We included trials with any follow‐up length for our analyses of harms. Data collection and analysis We extracted data and assessed risk of bias using standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcome measure was smoking cessation after at least six months' follow‐up. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence available in each trial, and biochemically validated rates if available. Our secondary outcomes were harms and tolerance outcomes, including adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), psychiatric AEs, seizures, overdoses, suicide attempts, death by suicide, all‐cause mortality, and trial dropouts due to treatment. We carried out meta‐analyses where appropriate. Main results We included a total of 124 studies (48,832 participants) in this review, with 10 new studies added to this update version. Most studies recruited adults from the community or from smoking cessation clinics; four studies focused on adolescents (with participants between 12 and 21 years old). We judged 34 studies to be at high risk of bias; however, restricting analyses only to studies at low or unclear risk of bias did not change clinical interpretation of the results. There was high‐certainty evidence that bupropion increased smoking cessation rates when compared to placebo or no pharmacological treatment (RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.49 to 1.72; I 2 = 16%; 50 studies, 18,577 participants). There was moderate‐certainty evidence that a combination of bupropion and varenicline may have resulted in superior quit rates to varenicline alone (RR 1.21, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.55; I 2 = 15%; 3 studies, 1057 participants). However, there was insufficient evidence to establish whether a combination of bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) resulted in superior quit rates to NRT a...

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