The effects of three silage inoculants on aerobic stability in grass, clover-grass, lucerne and maize silages

Jatkauskas, Jonas; Vrotniakiene, V.; Ohlsson, C.; Lund, B.

doi:10.23986/afsci.6698

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The DM content of forage and silage, chemical composition, volatile fatty acids, lactic acid and alcohols concentrations were determined as described previously by Jatkauskas et al (2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kleinschmitt et al (2005) indicated that improved aerobic stability was observed in different types of forages when acetic acid and propionic acid production in silage fermentation increased with L. buchneri inoculation. In the study (Jatkauskas et al, 2013), selected LAB inoculants were efficient in improving fermentation, reducing protein breakdown and nutrient losses of grass, clover-grass, lucerne and maize silages. Homofermentative LAB in combination with sodium benzoate led to silages with higher lactic acid content, when inoculation with single heterofermentative LAB or with mixture of homo-and heterofermentative LAB resulted in higher levels of acetic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of fermentation parameters, microbiological composition and aerobic stability of grass and whole crop maize silages treated with microbial inoculants

Jatkauskas

Vrotniakiene

2013

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Two experiments were conducted in 2011-2012 to evaluate the fermentation parameters, microbiological composition and aerobic stability of grass and whole crop maize silages treated with microbial inoculants, different blends of the selected bacterial strains and blend of the selected bacterial strains in combination with sodium benzoate. Wilted ryegrass:timothy and whole crop maize with 265 and 276 g kg -1 dry matter (DM) content were ensiled in 3 litre laboratory silos. The mean water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration, buffer capacity and nitrate concentration in ryegrass:timothy and whole crop maize were 101.8 and 98.9 g kg -1 DM, 355 and 217 mEq kg -1 DM, and 153.2 and 841.1 mg kg -1 DM, respectively. Silages treated with the tested inoculants were characterized by higher concentrations of DM compared with the untreated silage. Ryegrass:timothy and maize herbage inoculant treatments before ensiling significantly decreased (P < 0.05) pH, significantly reduced butyric acid, ammonia-N concentrations and DM loss compared with control silage. Ryegrass:timothy and maize silages inoculated with homofermentative bacteria blends produce higher (P < 0.05) lactic acid compared with that of the control silage. Butyric acid, alcohols and N-NH 3 fraction concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by inoculation. When compared with control silage, increased (P < 0.05) acetic acid concentration and decreased lactic acid concentration were observed in ryegrass:timothy silages and maize silages inoculated with heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain Lactobacillus buchnery. The LAB blends used in our experiment significantly suppressed yeast and moulds growth reflected in the lower concentration of alcohols, generally correlated to yeast activity in silages. Inoculation increased the aerobic stability of ryegrass:timothy and maize silages, compared with control silage. The aerobic stability of inoculated ryegrass:timothy and maize silages was improved by 66-312 hours compared to control silage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of fermentation parameters, microbiological composition and aerobic stability of grass and whole crop maize silages treated with microbial inoculants

Jatkauskas

Vrotniakiene

2013

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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“…Silage treatments with homofermentative and heterofermentative lactobacilli can achieve considerably better aerobic stability. Additive application of lactobacilli species decreases pH, as well as levels of butyric acid, alcohol and ammonium [16]. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of two types of treatment (biological and chemical) on the occurrence of biogenic amines, nutrient value, and hygienic quality of lucerne silages.…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic amines and hygienic quality of lucerne silage

et al. 2016

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Open Life Sci. 2016; 11: 280-286 acetic acid (−46%), ammonium (−59%), ash (−13%) and fat (−24%). Populations of bacteria associated with lactic acid fermentation, moulds, yeasts, enterobacteria and total microorganisms count were also influenced. Both biological and chemical additives can be highly recommended for producing high-quality silages meeting hygienic requirements. In lucerne silage, the chemical preservative showed a stronger effect in achieving the health safety of silage compared to the biological inoculant.Keywords: health safety, silage additives, microorganisms IntroductionBiogenic amines comprise a group of aliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic bases derived from amino acids. Biogenic amines are present in all feeds that contain proteins or free amino acids, and they also exist in fermentative feeds [1][2][3]. The concentration of biogenic amines (mono-, di-and polyamines) in silage and in the rumen, body tissues and body fluids mainly depends upon the crop at harvest, the ensiling process, the silage and the digestion in the animal. Both the synthesis and chemical structures of mono-and diamines are well documented. The basis for their formation is proteolysis, a naturally occurring process in ensiling consisting in the enzymatic decarboxylation of amino acids by the action of plant proteases and peptidases along with enzymes of various lactic acid bacteria (LAB), clostridia and other bacterial genera [4]. High-quality feedstuffs and proper nutrition are important for all categories of livestock [1][2][3]. High levels of biogenic amines are frequently observed in silages prepared from high-protein forages (lucerne, clover, certain grass species). Some biogenic amines have significant biological characteristics, as they are, for example, tissue hormones (histamine), protoalkaloids (hordenine, gramine) and building DOI 10.1515DOI 10. /biol-2016 Received August 17, 2016; accepted September 21, 2016 Abstract: This experiment examined the influence of two different silage additives of biological (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium, enzyme xylanase) and chemical (43% formic acid, 30% ammonium formate, 10% propionic acid, 2% benzoic acid) types on biogenic amines concentration, nutrient content, fermentation process, and microbiologic indicators in lucerne (Medicago sativa) silage after 90 days of fermentation. The biological additive significantly (P < 0.05) increased putrescine (+51%), lactic acid (+11%) and protein content (+11%) in comparison with control silage. It significantly decreased cadaverine (−29%), histamine (−57%), spermidine (−15%), spermine (−55%), acetic acid (−40%), ethanol (−55%), ammonium (−25%) and ash (−9%). After the chemical-additive treatment, greater amounts of histamine and tyramine were recorded. Significant decrease was observed in the concentrations of putrescine (−18%), cadaverine (−55%), spermidine (−47%), spermine (−45%), lactic acid (−16%),

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“…The inoculant had lower concentrations of ammonia-N and alfalfa silage pH and no 3-hydroxybutyric acid was detected in any of the silages (ContrerasGovea et al, 2013). Jatkauskas et al (2013) reported that homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria inoculants (L. buchneri, L. buchneri in combination with Enterococcus faecium and L. plantarum, E. faecium in combination with L. plantarum and Lactococcus lactis) were able to reduce pH, formation of butyric acid, alcohols and ammonia-N in grass, clovergrass, alfalfa, and maize silages. It was observed that the aerobic stability of silages was improved (P < 0.05) (Jatkauskas et al, 2013).…”

Section: Alfalfa Before Ensilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jatkauskas et al (2013) reported that homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria inoculants (L. buchneri, L. buchneri in combination with Enterococcus faecium and L. plantarum, E. faecium in combination with L. plantarum and Lactococcus lactis) were able to reduce pH, formation of butyric acid, alcohols and ammonia-N in grass, clovergrass, alfalfa, and maize silages. It was observed that the aerobic stability of silages was improved (P < 0.05) (Jatkauskas et al, 2013). Ohshima et al (1997) presented the improvement of alfalfa silage quality by the addition of L. casei at 20 °C, but the more effective additive was shown to be previously fermented juice.…”

Section: Alfalfa Before Ensilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different aspects of Lactobacillus inoculants on the improvement of quality and safety of alfalfa silage

Zielińska

Fabiszewska

Stefańska

2015

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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There is a significant range of bacterial inoculants for forage ensiling, but there is still a need for formulations to improve the safety of feed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of three lactobacilli strains in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) The following bacterial inoculants were used: Lactocacillus plantarum K KKP 593p (LPK), L. plantarum C KKP 788p (LPC), L. buchneri KKP 907p (LB), and mix of all three strains (LPK+LPC+LB). The application of bacterial inoculants in alfalfa ensiling resulted in a reduction of the total number of molds, Clostridium perfringens and Listeria sp. (up to 5, 7, and 5 times respectively for LB inoculant in comparison to untreated silage). Total inhibition of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli growth was achieved in silages treated with all inoculants except for LPC. Aerobic stability in the control silage was the lowest (77 h) and doubled under the influence of bacterial inoculants. The most stable according to aerobic stability was silage treated with LB inoculant (175 h), where the highest concentrations of acetic acid (4.8 g kg -1 ), propionic acid (0.7 g kg -1 ) and 1,2-propanediol (526 mg kg -1 ) were reported. The study discussed that it is important to evaluate not only the effect of bacterial inoculants on physicochemical and microbiological silage properties, as the presence and expression of antibiotic resistance genes in lactic acid bacteria have been reported. The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the strains showed that almost all minimum inhibitory concentrations values for eight antibiotics were equal to or below the corresponding breakpoints proposed by the European Food Safety Authority, Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed Panel.

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The effects of three silage inoculants on aerobic stability in grass, clover-grass, lucerne and maize silages

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of fermentation parameters, microbiological composition and aerobic stability of grass and whole crop maize silages treated with microbial inoculants

Evaluation of fermentation parameters, microbiological composition and aerobic stability of grass and whole crop maize silages treated with microbial inoculants

Biogenic amines and hygienic quality of lucerne silage

Different aspects of Lactobacillus inoculants on the improvement of quality and safety of alfalfa silage

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