The Effects of the Saluda Dam on the Surface-Water and Ground-Water Hydrology of the Congaree National Park Flood Plain, South Carolina

Conrads, Paul A.; Feaster, Toby D.; Harrelson, Larry G.

doi:10.3133/sir20085170

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Conrads et al . () recognized the normal range of discharge (flows between the 25–75th percentile) as ranging from 115–700 m 3 s −1 . Seasonally, flows are highest from January–April, when evapotranspiration is low, and lowest in July and August.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flows of the Congaree River for the 1940-2012 period of record varied considerably, with daily mean discharge averaging 180 m 3 s À1 , lowest flows measuring less than 30 m 3 s À1 , and highest flows exceeding 4200 m 3 s À1 (Congaree River at Columbia, SC: USGS 02169500). Conrads et al (2008) recognized the normal range of discharge (flows between the 25-75th percentile) as ranging from 115-700 m 3 s À1 . Seasonally, flows are highest from January-April, when evapotranspiration is low, and lowest in July and August.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flooding and Surface Connectivity of Taxodium‐Nyssa Stands in a Southern Floodplain Forest Ecosystem

Kupfer

Meitzen

Gao

2014

River Research & Apps

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An understanding of the factors controlling the permanent and episodic links between the main stem of a river and the ecosystems of its alluvial floodplain is necessary for evaluating the influence of modern river processes on floodplain ecology and habitat diversity and for the successful implementation of flow regimes that meet human needs for water in a manner that sustains the ecological integrity of affected systems. In this study, we examined relationships between river hydrology and lateral hydrological connectivity, which is crucial to directing fluxes of water, material, and organisms into and across a floodplain. We did so by translating measures of river discharge for the Congaree River into high resolution maps of flood conditions for the floodplain at Congaree National Park using a 2D flood inundation model. Utilizing a graph network approach, we then analyzed the connectivity of a key wetland ecosystem, Taxodium‐Nyssa forested swamps, to the main stem river and to each other under different flows. Our results underscore that floodplain connectivity is initiated at sub‐bankfull discharges and does not depend on levee overtopping, while also clarifying that various sources of connectivity are triggered at different flow levels in specific reaches. Further, our findings demonstrate the sensitive and non‐linear response of floodplain connectivity to river flows and provide useful information to facilitate the management of flood processes in the Congaree River watershed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooding and Surface Connectivity of Taxodium‐Nyssa Stands in a Southern Floodplain Forest Ecosystem

Kupfer

Meitzen

Gao

2014

River Research & Apps

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“…We obtained samples from the Congaree metapopulation of D. obtusa for a common garden analysis of genetic variation in eye size from a total of nine ponds in the floodplain. These ponds are linked by periodic flooding (Conrads et al ., ), which is the likely cause of relatively low levels of microsatellite differentiation among ponds (Sebastian & Dudycha, unpubl. data).…”

Section: Study Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection on incremental variation of eye size in a wild population ofDaphnia

Brandon

James

Dudycha

2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Several studies of eye morphology have analysed macroevolutionary patterns in the diversity of eyes, and although these studies are often linked to environment or behaviour, they provide only indirect evidence of selection. Specific data to show the microevolutionary potential for adaptation by natural selection in eye morphology have been lacking. We document directional selection on eye size, an important determinant of visual capabilities, in a wild population of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia. We show that even slight changes in eye size may have major consequences for fitness. An increase in eye diameter of 19.9 μm - slightly more than one standard deviation - is associated with an increase in clutch size of one egg, or an increase of nearly 20% of the mean clutch size. Furthermore, relative eye size is genetically variable and thus could evolve in response to the observed selective pressure. We conclude that selection on incremental variation in eye size may have led to differences observed on broader taxonomic scales.

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“…A4), which have upstream drainage areas of ;21500 km 2 and 14500 km 2 , respectively. Discharges of these rivers are generally highest from January to April, when evapotranspiration is low, but they are also regulated to some degree by dams on the Saluda River, one of the two major tributaries to the Congaree River, and the main stem of the Wateree River (Conrads et al 2008). Floodplain geomorphology at the study area reflects hydrologic influences from both rivers and is characterized by levee complexes, ridge and swale systems, abandoned channel meanders, and low gradient backswamps.…”

Section: Kupfer's Study Area and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond bivariate correlations: three‐block partial least squares illustrated with vegetation, soil, and topography

et al. 2015

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Ecologists, particularly those engaged in biogeomorphic studies, often seek to connect data from three or more domains. Using three‐block partial least squares regression, we present a procedure to quantify and define bi‐variance and tri‐variance of data blocks related to plant communities, their soil parameters, and topography. Bi‐variance indicates the total amount of covariation between these three domains taken in pairs, whereas tri‐variance refers to the common variance shared by all domains. We characterized relationships among three domains (plant communities, soil properties, topography) for a salt marsh, four coastal dunes, and two temperate forests spanning several regions in the world. We defined the specific bi‐ and tri‐variances for the ecological systems we included in this study and addressed larger questions about how these variances scale with each other looking at generalities across systems. We show that a system tends to exhibit high bi‐variance and tri‐variance (tight coupling among domains) when subjected to the effects of frequent and widespread (i.e., broadly acting) hydrogeomorphic disturbance. When major disturbance events are uncommon, bi‐variance and tri‐variance decrease, because the formation of vegetation, soil, and topographic patterns is primarily localized, and the couplings of these properties diverge over space, contingent upon site‐specific disturbance history and/or fine‐grained environmental heterogeneity. We also demonstrate that the bi‐variance and tri‐variance of a whole system are not consistently either greater or smaller than those of the associated sub‐zones. This point implies that the overall correlation structure among vegetation, soil, and topography is conserved across spatial scales. This paper addresses a critical aspect of ecology: the conceptual and analytical integration of data across multiple domains. By example, we show that bi‐variances and tri‐variances provide useful insight into how the strength of couplings among vegetation, soil, and topography data blocks varies across scales and disturbance regimes. Though we describe the simplest case of multi‐variance beyond the usual two‐block linear statistical model, this approach can be extended to any number of data domains, making integration tractable and more supportive of holistic inferences.

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The Effects of the Saluda Dam on the Surface-Water and Ground-Water Hydrology of the Congaree National Park Flood Plain, South Carolina

Abstract: Graphs showing surface-and groundwater elevations at Congaree River Congaree National Park, RIC-699 (Group 1 well), RIC-703 (Group 2 well), and RIC-341 (Group 3 well), and groundwater elevations for RIC-699 (Group 1 well), and RIC-702 and RIC-704

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Flooding and Surface Connectivity of Taxodium‐Nyssa Stands in a Southern Floodplain Forest Ecosystem

Flooding and Surface Connectivity of Taxodium‐Nyssa Stands in a Southern Floodplain Forest Ecosystem

Selection on incremental variation of eye size in a wild population ofDaphnia

Beyond bivariate correlations: three‐block partial least squares illustrated with vegetation, soil, and topography

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