The Effects of Taurine, Taurine Homologs and Hypotaurine on Cell and Membrane Antioxidative System Alterations Caused by Type 2 Diabetes in Rat Erythrocytes

Abstract

This study compared taurine, aminomethanesulfonic acid, homotaurine and hypotaurine for the ability to modify indices of oxidative stress and membrane damage associated with type 2 diabetes. In the study, male Goto-Kakizaki and Wistar-Kyoto rats were allowed free access to a high fat and normal diet, respectively, for 9 weeks. At the end of week 8, half of the animals in each group received a daily intraperitoneal dose of a sulfur compound (0.612 M/kg) for 5 days and, 24 hr after the last treatment, blood samples were withdrawn by cardiac puncture to obtain plasma and erythrocyte fractions for biochemical analyses. Relative to control values, taurine and its congeners reduced membrane damage, the formation of intracellular malondialdehyde and oxidized glutathione, and the decreases in reduced glutathione and antioxidative enzyme activities in diabetic erythrocytes. Except for a few isolated instances, all test compounds were equiprotective.

Impact of Vanadium Complexes Treatment on the Oxidative Stress Factors in Wistar Rats Plasma

“…Laboratory markers for oxidative stress and measurement of total antioxidant activity of plasma are a useful tool for the qualitative and quantitative determination of free radical events. These parameters help to control the treatment of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes [20]. Similar results of vanadium complexes on changes in increase of body weight were obtained by Mukherjee et al [21].…”

The Vitamin Nicotinamide: Translating Nutrition into Clinical Care

“…Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathology of numerous processes and disorders throughout the body that can include metabolic disorders [47,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95], ocular disease [96], environmental influences such as with tobacco exposure [97,98], cognitive impairment [99,100,101,102], ischemic injury [103,105], epilepsy [106,107], nutrition [108], cardiopulmonary and hepatic disease [109,110,111], degenerative disorders and psychiatric disorders [112,113,114], infertility [115,116,117], excitotoxicity [118,119,120], and drug toxicity [121,122,123]. Early work with oxidative stress examined the rate of oxygen consumption in organisms and proposed that increased exposure to oxygen through a high metabolic rate could lead to a shortened life span [124].…”

Oxidative stress: Biomarkers and novel therapeutic pathways

“…Patients with DM can develop immune dysfunction (Hao et al, 2009), cognitive disorders (Hao et al, 2009; Kuhad et al, 2009), hepatic dysfunction (Wu et al, 2009b), renal disease (Guarnieri et al, 2009), hematological disease (Gossai and Lau-Cam, 2009), neurodegenerative disorders (Maiese, 2008a, b; Maiese et al, 2009b), and cardiovascular disease (Donahoe et al, 2007; Maiese, 2008a). Interestingly, the development of insulin resistance and the complications of DM can be the result of cellular oxidative stress (Maiese, 2008a; Maiese et al, 2007a).…”