The Effects of Surgical and Chemical Delay Procedures on the Survival of Arterialized Venous Flaps in Rabbits

Cho, Byung-Chae; Lee, Mu-Sang; Lee, Jung-Hyung; Byun, Jin-Suk; Baik, Bongsoo

doi:10.1097/00006534-199809040-00033

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The total flap necrosis occurs in all AVF's, despite previous T-T micro-anastomosis. A high percentage of AVF's necrosis is similar to the results reported by other authors (Cho et al, 1998;Moshammer et al, 2003) and on pedicle vein flap on rats (Cutting et al, 1980;Daniel et al, 1990;Sano et al, 2003;Baser et al, 2005). CONCLUSION Non-conventional circulation in the flap is a relatively new and cheaper method in plastic and reconstructive surgery, that has been underestimated by many surgeons.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

The new experimental design of arterialized venous flap on the rabbit ear model

Lalkovic¹,

Kozarski²,

Lj³

et al. 2010

Acta vet. (Beogr.)

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The aim of this study was to test a new experimental design of venous system arterialization on the rabbit ear arterialized venous flap (AVF) model. Total number of 10 "Big Chinchila" rabbits were divided in two experimental groups. On both ears of the five rabbits (Group 1) we have performed our original method of venous system arterialization with microsurgical arterialization of the central artery and vein with the preservation of central and peripheral vascular perfusion; at both ears of five rabbits (Group 2) we have performed AVF according to Byan et al., (1995). Vital AVF surface and necrosis percentage were determined in both experimental groups at day 1 and day 14 and results were compared using Student t-test. The results of our experiment indicate that our new experimental design of the AVF on rabbit ear model has better hemodynamic conditions, improves AVF survival and gives significantly bigger vital flap surface at 14 days after venous system arterialization

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

The new experimental design of arterialized venous flap on the rabbit ear model

Lalkovic¹,

Kozarski²,

Lj³

et al. 2010

Acta vet. (Beogr.)

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“…Cho et al used surgical and chemical delay to increase survival rate of arterialised venous flaps in rabbits' ears. Seven-day surgical delay caused a survival rate of 59.7% and a 3-day chemical delay with nitroglycerine, followed by a 7-day simultaneous surgical and chemical delay, resulted in a survival rate of 90.2% [8]. Cho et al also used surgical and chemical delays in arterialised venous flaps in clinical practice [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of surgical or chemical delaying procedures on the survival of proximal pedicled venous island flaps: Am experimental study in rats

Baser¹,

Silistreli²,

Şişman³

et al. 2005

Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and

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To increase the survival of proximally pedicled venous island flaps, which are known to be safe only when small, we used surgical and chemical delaying procedures both individually and in combination for 7, 14, and 21 days. Survival was 1% in those flaps designated as controls, in which there was neither surgical nor chemical delay. However, it was 3%, 31%, and 68% at 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, when surgical delay was used and 16%, 56%, and 86%, at 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, when chemical delay was used. Survival was 32%, 84%, and 87%, at 7, 14, and 21 days when both chemical and surgical delays were used. We conclude that chemical delay is more effective than surgical delay in increasing survival of proximally pedicled venous island flaps, but the use of combined chemical and surgical delay may reduce the time required for delay.

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“…[2][3][4] In these cases, perfect knowledge of the anatomy of the rabbit ear and, subsequently, of the harvested flaps, is required. In this article we describe a new neurocutaneous flap harvested on the rabbit ear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4] However, a neurocutaneous flap in this region has never been described before. In the current study we examined the reliability of a skin cartilage flap with a pedicle composed only of a sensory nerve with its vascular network (vasa nervorum) in a rabbit model.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently Dogan et al 8 evaluated the vascular supply of the saphenous neurocutaneous island flap model in the rat. In their experiment, they studied (1) flaps in which the pedicle artery, vein, nerve, and fascia were preserved; (2) flaps in which only the saphenous artery was transected; (3) flaps in which the saphenous artery and the fascia were transected; (4) flaps in which the saphenous artery and nerve were transected; and (5) flaps in which the entire pedicle was transected. Comparing the survival rate of each group, the authors concluded the reliability of the saphenous neurocutaneous flap in the rat model.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neurocutaneous Island Flap:

Salgarello

Selvaggi²,

Lahoud³

et al. 2004

Annals of Plastic Surgery

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The rabbit ear has often been used as an experimental model; however, a neurocutaneous flap has never been described before. The authors examined the reliability of a skin cartilage flap with a pedicle composed only of a sensory nerve with its vascular network in a rabbit model: A 2 x 2-cm cutaneous cartilage flap was harvested on the dorsal side of the ear bilaterally. Vessels were tied and cut on the 4 sides of the flap, including the central auricular artery and vein. The nerve was cut at the distal side of the flap and was "skeletonized" to the extent of 1 cm on the proximal side, meticulously preserving its vascular network. Subsequently, the flap was elevated with the cartilage as a composite flap and was sutured back to its natural site. The authors elevated 28 skin cartilage flaps on the dorsal side of both the ears of 14 New Zealand White rabbits, centered on the central neurovascular axis. All 28 flaps survived. In the control group of 7 rabbits, the artery, vein, and nerve (pedicle) were severed, and the skin cartilage island was sutured back as a composite graft. None of these 14 grafts survived. In 4 additional rabbits, the authors performed a histologic examination 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 3 weeks postoperatively of the neurovascular axis after the same skin cartilage flap was harvested. They compared these results with the histologic examination of the nerve of the contralateral nonoperated ear, and noted a marked dilatation and multiplication of blood vessels in the operated ear beginning on day 1 postoperatively. The presence of this neurocutaneous vascularization should be considered when other kinds of flaps (venous flaps or others) are used as experimental models using the rabbit ear.

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The Effects of Surgical and Chemical Delay Procedures on the Survival of Arterialized Venous Flaps in Rabbits

Cited by 21 publications

References 63 publications

The new experimental design of arterialized venous flap on the rabbit ear model

The new experimental design of arterialized venous flap on the rabbit ear model

Effects of surgical or chemical delaying procedures on the survival of proximal pedicled venous island flaps: Am experimental study in rats

Neurocutaneous Island Flap:

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