The Effects of Superior Temporal Cortex Lesions on the Processing and Retention of Auditory Information in Monkeys (<b><i>Cebus apella</i></b>)

Colombo, Michael; Rodman, Hillary R.; Gross, Charles G.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-14-04501.1996

Cited by 63 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…We next proceeded to test the hypothesis that this ventrolateral prefrontal region may be interacting functionally with the auditory temporal region that is known to play a role in the encoding and retention of auditory stimuli (32,33) and the parietal region that processes spatial information (34)(35)(36). We therefore examined whether there was a significant change in functional connectivity between the midventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the secondary auditory temporal and the posterior parietal region during the active retrieval compared with the recognition control trials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are considerable anatomical data that the midventrolateral prefrontal cortex (and particularly area 45) is extensively connected with the superior temporal gyrus and the nearby dorsal bank of the superior temporal sulcus (through the extreme capsule and the arcuate fasciculus) and also with the inferior parietal lobule (area PG) (via the second branch of the superior longitudinal fasciculus) (14, 16-18, 20, 37). The superior temporal region of the primate brain is critical for the encoding and short-term maintenance of auditory information (32,33,38), whereas the caudal superior temporal gyrus and the adjacent parabelt region in the caudal superior temporal sulcus entering the inferior parietal lobule are involved in the spatial aspects of auditory coding (34,36). Indeed, a recent study using transcranial magnetic stimulation has shown that the caudal part of the superior temporal gyrus, close to the inferior parietal lobule, is involved in auditory localization to a greater extent than the more rostral temporal region (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective memory retrieval of auditory what and auditory where involves the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

Kostopoulos

Petrides

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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There is evidence from the visual, verbal, and tactile memory domains that the midventrolateral prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in the top-down modulation of activity within posterior cortical areas for the selective retrieval of specific aspects of a memorized experience, a functional process often referred to as active controlled retrieval. In the present functional neuroimaging study, we explore the neural bases of active retrieval for auditory nonverbal information, about which almost nothing is known. Human participants were scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a task in which they were presented with short melodies from different locations in a simulated virtual acoustic environment within the scanner and were then instructed to retrieve selectively either the particular melody presented or its location. There were significant activity increases specifically within the midventrolateral prefrontal region during the selective retrieval of nonverbal auditory information. During the selective retrieval of information from auditory memory, the right midventrolateral prefrontal region increased its interaction with the auditory temporal region and the inferior parietal lobule in the right hemisphere. These findings provide evidence that the midventrolateral prefrontal cortical region interacts with specific posterior cortical areas in the human cerebral cortex for the selective retrieval of object and location features of an auditory memory experience.fMRI | prefrontal cortex | memory retrieval | auditory | control processes

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective memory retrieval of auditory what and auditory where involves the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

Kostopoulos

Petrides

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…This retroactive interference effect in audition seems to be extremely powerful. Prior studies of auditory memory in monkeys tested with nonserial DMS have shown forgetting thresholds (75% correct responses) of up to 30 s in the absence of intervening stimuli, whether the studies used trial-unique stimuli (12) or a set of only two tones (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1). Because of the known difficulty monkeys have in acquiring and applying the rule for auditory DMS (12,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), we simplified task requirements by requiring the animal to (i) remember a single sample stimulus for 1 s, and (ii) respond at test to an identical match stimulus and withhold responding to a nonmatch that, importantly, always belonged to a stimulus category other than the sample's category. The only To whom correspondence may be addressed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Monkeys have a limited form of short-term memory in audition

Scott

Mishkin

Yin

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A stimulus trace may be temporarily retained either actively [i.e., in working memory (WM)] or by the weaker mnemonic process we will call passive short-term memory, in which a given stimulus trace is highly susceptible to "overwriting" by a subsequent stimulus. It has been suggested that WM is the more robust process because it exploits long-term memory (i.e., a current stimulus activates a stored representation of that stimulus, which can then be actively maintained). Recent studies have suggested that monkeys may be unable to store acoustic signals in long-term memory, raising the possibility that they may therefore also lack auditory WM. To explore this possibility, we tested rhesus monkeys on a serial delayed match-to-sample (DMS) task using a small set of sounds presented with ∼1-s interstimulus delays. Performance was accurate whenever a match or a nonmatch stimulus followed the sample directly, but it fell precipitously if a single nonmatch stimulus intervened between sample and match. The steep drop in accuracy was found to be due not to passive decay of the sample's trace, but to retroactive interference from the intervening nonmatch stimulus. This "overwriting" effect was far greater than that observed previously in serial DMS with visual stimuli. The results, which accord with the notion that WM relies on long-term memory, indicate that monkeys perform serial DMS in audition remarkably poorly and that whatever success they had on this task depended largely, if not entirely, on the retention of stimulus traces in the passive form of shortterm memory.macaque | primate | vocalization W orking memory (WM) is a system that enables the temporary maintenance and manipulation of information necessary to guide behavior (1, 2). The term "working memory" has sometimes been applied to parametric sensory discriminations (3) [e.g., comparing the acoustic frequency of two successive tones, or the visual contrast of two successive images, separated by a short interstimulus interval (ISI)]. However, in the absence of the need for maintaining and manipulating the stimuli, such discriminations may be more properly described as tests of a type of shortterm memory (STM) that we will call passive short-term memory (pSTM) rather than WM.Definitions and models of WM vary (4), but the concepts of STM (particularly pSTM) and WM differ along a dimension of increasing attention to the stimulus item and greater reliance on its stored representation. Indeed, WM has been posited to differ from other forms of STM by operating not on a recently presented item, per se, but on the activation of a representation of that item stored in long-term memory (LTM) (4-7). This distinction is related to another, viz. the distinction between categorical perception and continuous, noncategorical perception, the former term implying that perception of some stimuli activates their previously stored representations sorted into categories on the basis of either their physical similarity or some more abstract factor. The capacity of WM in vision has b...

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“…It is possible that disruption of local cortical activity alone could suppress hearing, although it is generally agreed that in humans (Tramo et al, 2002;Kaga et al, 2000;Hausler and Levine, 2000;Penfield and Perot, 1963) and in laboratory animals (Heffner and Heffner, 1986;Heffner, 1997;Colombo et al,1996;Whitfield et al, 1978) that unilateral destruction of auditory cortex of the STG does not result in deafness. More likely, hearing suppression is the result of activating corticofugal efferent pathways that project to auditory thalamic, midbrain and brainstem structures, and possibly the cochlea (Hazama et al, 2004;He, 2003;Jacomme et al, 2003, Suga andPandya et al, 1994;Weedman and Ryugo, 1996a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hearing suppression induced by electrical stimulation of human auditory cortex

et al. 2006

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In the course of performing electrical stimulation functional mapping (ESFM) in neurosurgery patients we identified three subjects who experienced a hearing suppression effect following stimulation of sites within the superior temporal gyrus (STG). One of these patients has long standing tinnitus that affects both ears. In all subjects, auditory event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from chronically implanted intracranial electrodes and the results were used to localize auditory cortex fields within the STG. Hearing suppression sites were identified within anterior lateral Heschl's gyrus (HG) and posterior lateral STG, in what are likely belt and parabelt fields. Cortical stimulation suppressed hearing in both ears, and persisted beyond the period of electrical stimulation. Subjects experienced other stimulation evoked perceptions at some of these same sites, including symptoms of vestibular system activation and alteration of audio-visual speech processing. In contrast, stimulation of presumed core auditory cortex within posterior medial HG evoked sound perceptions, or in one case an increase in perceived tinnitus intensity, that affected the contralateral ear and did not persist beyond the period of stimulation. The current results provide confirmation of a rarely reported experimental observation, and for the first time correlate the brain sites associated with hearing suppression with anatomically and physiologically identified auditory cortex fields.

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The Effects of Superior Temporal Cortex Lesions on the Processing and Retention of Auditory Information in Monkeys (Cebus apella)

Cited by 63 publications

References 118 publications

Selective memory retrieval of auditory what and auditory where involves the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

Selective memory retrieval of auditory what and auditory where involves the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

Monkeys have a limited form of short-term memory in audition

Hearing suppression induced by electrical stimulation of human auditory cortex

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