The Effects of Substituting Selected Oilseed Protein Concentrates for Fish Meal in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Diets

Abstract

Three oilseed protein concentrates (soybean, canola, and sunflower) were evaluated to determine their potential, when supplemented with deficient essential amino acids, to partially or completely replace fish meal in diets fed to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Triplicate aquaria of juvenile trout (average weight of 12 g) were fed the experimental diets for 10 wk, at which time the average weight of the fish was approximately sixfold higher than the initial weight. Average fish weight gains on diets in which the protein component was 100% fish meal; 75% fish meal, 25% soybean protein concentrate; 50% fish meal, 50% soybean protein concentrate; and 75% fish meal, 25% sunflowerseed protein concentrate were not significantly different (P < 0.05). The average weight of fish fed a commercial feed was significantly lower than that of fish fed the 100% fish meal diet, but not significantly different from fish fed the three other formulations mentioned above. Fish fed diets containing 50% fish meal, 50% canola protein concentrate; and 25% fish meal, 75% sunflowerseed protein concentrate had significantly lower average final weights than those of fish fed the other diets. Feed conversion ratio patterns among the dietary treatment groups reflected those of weight gain. Fish survival exceeded 95% on all diets. Apparent protein digestibility coefficients ranged from 79.5% (75% soybean protein concentrate, 25% canola protein concentrate) to 90.6% (100% soybean protein concentrate). The results of this study demonstrated that certain oilseed protein concentrates have good potential as protein sources in rainbow trout feeds when properly supplemented with essential amino acids.

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“…Hossain and Jauncey (1989) found that Bangladeshi variety of sesame oilseed meal can be included up to 25% in raw condition in the diet of Cyprinus carpio L. Hossain et al (1992) substituted fish meal with sesame oilseed meal in the diets of catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis and reported promising result. Similarly, Stickney et al (1996) found that sunflower protein concentrate can replace 25% fish meal protein in rainbow trout diets. Sanz et al (1994) observed better results when replacing 40% of the animal protein in rainbow trout with sunflower protein supplemented with Essential Amino Acids.…”

Family growth response to fishmeal and plant-based diets shows genotype×diet interaction in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…Decreased palatability, which in turn could lead to decreased consumption, is also a concern when fishmeal is replaced by plant-derived ingredients Stickney et al 1996).…”

“…In addition, plant meals may contain anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors, non-digestible carbohydrates, lectins, saponins, phytates, and, possibly-allergenic storage proteins (Salunkhe et al 1992). Replacement of fishmeal by plant meal may decrease palatability (Geurden et al 2005), which in turn could decrease consumption Stickney et al 1996). In addition, chemical composition of fillets and organoleptic characteristics of fish fed with plant diets differ from those of fish fed traditional diets (Francesco et al 2004).…”

Total fish meal replacement with rapeseed protein concentrate in diets fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum)

“…In search of fish meal alternatives in aqua feeds, rapeseed (including canola) products have been widely tested as protein sources in diets for several fish species, among them rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Stickney et al 1996;Burel et al 2001;Thiessen et al 2003Thiessen et al , 2004Shafaeipour et al 2008), tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Davies et al 1990), wels catfish Silurus glanis (Slawski et al 2011b) and turbot Psetta maxima (Burel et al 2000a, c).…”