The Effects of Stevia Consumption on Gut Bacteria: Friend or Foe?

Kasti, Arezina N.; Nikolaki, Maroulla D.; Synodinou, Kalliopi D.; Katsas, Konstantinos; Petsis, Konstantinos; Lambrinou, Sophia; Pyrousis, Ioannis; Triantafyllou, Konstantinos

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10040744

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Therefore, it is of high importance to uncover the potential of already commercially available biocatalysts in inserting β-bonds to the desired products. Taking into consideration the anti-inflammatory and prebiotic activities of natural steviol glucosides [ 40 , 41 ], biocatalysis could offer the possibility to construct libraries of similar compounds, to screen for improved bioactivities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transglycosylation of Stevioside by a Commercial β-Glucanase with Fungal Extracted β-Glucans as Donors

Zerva

Mohammadi

Dimopoulos

et al. 2023

Waste Biomass Valor

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Alternative sweeteners, such as steviol glucosides from the plant Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, are becoming increasingly popular for the design of next-generation foodstuffs. However, the bitter aftertaste of native steviol glucosides is one of the main reasons behind consumer reluctance towards stevia-containing products. Biocatalysis could be a sustainable solution to this problem, through addition of glucosyl moieties to the molecule. Glycoside hydrolases are enzymes performing transglycosylation reactions, and they can be exploited for such modifications. In the present work, the commercial β-glucanase Finizym 250L® was employed for the transglycosylation of stevioside. After optimization of several reaction parameters, the maximal reaction yield obtained was 19%, with barley β-glucan as the glycosyl donor. With the aim to develop a sustainable process, β-glucan extracts from different fungal sources were prepared. Pulsed Electric Field pretreatment of mycelial biomass resulted in extracts with higher β-glucan content. The extracts were tested as alternative glucosyl donors, reaching up to 15.5% conversion yield, from Pleurotus-extracted β-glucan. Overall, in the present work a novel enzymatic process for the modification of stevioside is proposed, with concomitant valorization of β-glucans extracted from fungal biomass, potentially generated as a byproduct from other applications, in concert with the principles of circular economy. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transglycosylation of Stevioside by a Commercial β-Glucanase with Fungal Extracted β-Glucans as Donors

Zerva

Mohammadi

Dimopoulos

et al. 2023

Waste Biomass Valor

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“…Thus, our data and those of Farid et al could be related to stress on the liver and the possibility of intestinal flora reshaping. 38 About XYL, its metabolite, xylulose 5-phosphate, through activation of the carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP), stimulates the genes associated with a lipogenic enzyme such as acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and fatty acid synthase. Thus, this increased lipogenesis in the liver could alter plasma lipid levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Long-Term Intake of Nutritive and Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on Metabolic Health and Cognition in Adult Male Rats

Morales-Ríos

García-Machorro

Briones-Aranda

et al. 2022

Journal of Medicinal Food

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This study evaluated the effects of long-term intake of nutritive sweeteners (NSs) and non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) on body weight, food and energy intake, blood pressure, metabolic parameters, and memory retention in rats. Sixty male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups ( n = 10 per group): control (water),10% sucrose (SUC), aspartame (ASP), sucralose (SCA), stevia (STV), and 5% xylitol (XYL). Pure NSs (SUC and XYL) and NNSs were added to the drinking water for 18 weeks. ASP, SCA, and STV dosage was based on the estimated daily intake limit: 4.1, 2.0, and 3.4 mg/kg/day, respectively. Chronic access to NNSs did not result in any difference in total weight gain of the rats, while it was significantly elevated in the SUC group compared with the control and NNSs groups. Food intake was significantly lower in all NNSs groups compared with SUC and control groups. Sweetened beverage intake volumes were significantly diminished in all NNSs groups compared with intake in SUC and control groups. Total calories consumed were lower for the STV and XYL groups compared with all other groups. Blood pressure and glucose metabolism did not differ significantly between the groups. All sweeteners increased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels. Short-term memory was significantly impaired in the ASP group in the novel object recognition task, while long-term memory was impaired in SUC and STV groups. These metabolic and behavioral results suggest that the long-term intake of NSs or NNSs can be associated with peripheral and central effects.

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“…The in vitro experiments of human fecal homogenates showed that steviol and rebaudioside A could be completely converted to steviol within 24 h, and the speed of conversion might be related to the number of glucose and types of glycosides linked at C 13 ‐/C 19 ‐ (Gardana et al., 2003; Koyama et al., 2003). Studies showed that Bacteroides species are almost entirely responsible for the conversion via their β‐glucosidase activity, successive cleaving of glycosidic bonds and the removal of glucose units (Renwick & Tarka, 2008; Wheeler et al., 2008; Kasti et al., 2022). Steviol is a common metabolite of all SvGls in the gut microbiota, but steviol is not utilized by gut microbes (Renwick & Tarka 2008).…”

Section: Kinetic and Metabolism Studies About Rebaudioside Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and low‐caloric rebaudioside A as a substitute for dietary sugars: A comprehensive review

Wang

Luo

Chen³

et al. 2022

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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For health and safety concerns, traditional high-calorie sweeteners and artificial sweeteners are gradually replaced in food industries by natural and low-calorie sweeteners. As a natural and high-quality sugar substitute, steviol glycosides (SvGls) are continually scrutinized regarding their safety and application. Recently, the cultivation of organic stevia has been increasing in many parts of Europe and Asia, and it is obvious that there is a vast market for sugar substitutes in the future. Rebaudioside A, the main component of SvGls, is gradually accepted by consumers due to its safe, zero calories, clear, and sweet taste with no significant undesirable characteristics. Hence, it can be used in various foods or dietary supplements as a sweetener. In addition, rebaudioside A has been demonstrated to have many physiological functions, such as antihypertension, anti-diabetes, and anticaries. But so far, there are few comprehensive reviews of rebaudioside A. In this review article, we discuss the physicochemical properties, metabolic process, safety, regulatory, health benefits, and biosynthetic pathway of rebaudioside A and summarize the modification methods and state-of-the-art production and purification techniques of rebaudioside A. Furthermore, the current problems hindering the future production and application of rebaudioside A are analyzed, and suggestions are provided.

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The Effects of Stevia Consumption on Gut Bacteria: Friend or Foe?

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Transglycosylation of Stevioside by a Commercial β-Glucanase with Fungal Extracted β-Glucans as Donors

Transglycosylation of Stevioside by a Commercial β-Glucanase with Fungal Extracted β-Glucans as Donors

Effect of Long-Term Intake of Nutritive and Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on Metabolic Health and Cognition in Adult Male Rats

Natural and low‐caloric rebaudioside A as a substitute for dietary sugars: A comprehensive review

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