The Effects of Statin Therapy on Oxidized LDL and Its Antibodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jamialahmadi, Tannaz; Baratzadeh, Fatemeh; Reiner, Željko; Mannarino, Massimo Raffaele; Cardenia, Vladimiro; Simental‐Mendía, Luis E.; Pirro, Matteo; Watts, Gerald F.; Sahebkar, Amirhossein

doi:10.1155/2022/7850659

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…In 2022, a large meta-analysis of clinical trials also clearly indicated that statins significantly reduce TNFα concentrations [23]. The antioxidant effect of this drug group is also important, as it translates into lowering the concentration of oxLDL particles, as evidenced by a meta-analysis of 28 clinical studies prepared by Jamialahmadi T. et al [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Biochemical Markers of the Initiation of Atherosclerotic Process

Hachuła,

Kosowski,

Ryl

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Atherosclerosis stands out as one of the leading causes of global mortality. The inflammatory response against vascular wall components plays a pivotal role in the atherogenic process. The initiation of this process is notably driven by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines, with interleukin-1β (Il-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) emerging as particularly significant in the early stages of atherosclerotic plaque formation. In recent years, researchers worldwide have been diligently exploring innovative therapeutic approaches for metabolic diseases, recognizing their impact on the atherogenesis process. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on cytokine concentrations associated with the initiation of atherosclerotic plaque formation in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. The study encompassed 50 subjects aged 41–81 (mean: 60.7), all diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and confirmed atherosclerosis based on B-mode ultrasound. Following a 180-day treatment with dulaglutide or semaglutide, we observed a statistically significant reduction in biochemical markers (oxLDL, TNFα and Il-1β) associated with the initiation of the atherosclerotic process (p < 0.001) within our study group. In addition to the already acknowledged positive effects of GLP-1RA on the metabolic parameters of treated patients, these drugs demonstrated a notable reduction in proinflammatory cytokine concentrations and may constitute an important element of therapy aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Biochemical Markers of the Initiation of Atherosclerotic Process

Hachuła,

Kosowski,

Ryl

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…51 , 52 These alterations reduce the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of HDL lipoproteins. 53 The effects of the interaction of oxLDL and LOX-1 (accumulation of intracellular oxLDL) stimulate the progression of atherosclerosis. 54 The use of cholesterol-lowering drugs may reduce the risk of severity of COVID-19 and prevent the risk of death in these patients and statin drugs may be used as a preventive drug to treat COVID-19 convalescence-related health effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Transcriptomics and Network Analysis of Potential Mechanisms and Health Effects of Convalescent COVID-19 Patients

Chujan,

Nakareangrit,

Suriyo

et al. 2023

Bioinform Biol Insights

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Coronaviral disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, there are still cases of COVID-19 around the world that can develop into persistent symptoms after discharge. The constellation of symptoms, termed long COVID, persists for months and can lead to various diseases such as lung inflammation and cardiovascular disease, which may lead to considerable financial burden and possible risk to human health. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underlying the post-pandemic syndrome of COVID-19 remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism, disease association, and possible health risks in convalescent COVID-19 patients. Gene expression data from a human convalescent COVID-19 data set was compared with a data set from healthy normal individuals in order to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To determine biological function and potential pathway alterations, the GO and KEGG databases were used to analyze the DEGs. Disease association, tissue, and organ-specific analyses were used to identify possible health effects. A total of 250 DEGs were identified between healthy and convalescent COVID-19 subjects. The biological function alterations identified revealed cytokine interactions and increased inflammation through NF-κB1, RELA, JUN, STAT3, and SP1. Interestingly, the most significant pathways were cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, altered lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis that play a crucial role in convalescent COVID-19. In addition, we also found pneumonitis, dermatitis, and autoimmune diseases. Based on our study, convalescent COVID-19 is associated with inflammation in a variety of organs that could lead to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, as well as atherosclerosis. These findings are a first step toward fully exploring the disease mechanisms in depth to understand the relationship between post-COVID-19 infection and potential health risks. This is necessary for the development of appropriate strategies for the prevention and treatment of long COVID.

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“…showed effectiveness of atorvastatin in decreasing ox-LDL levels among PWH on ART ( 107 ). A recent meta-analysis further reported variations in ox-LDL decrease with different types of statins ( 108 ). However, all statins analyzed were associated with a significant decrease in ox-LDL levels.…”

Section: Statins As Immune Modulators: Beyond Their Lipid-lowering Ef...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of statins beyond lipid-lowering agents in ART-treated HIV infection

Mehraj,

Chen,

Routy

2024

Front. Immunol.

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Antiretroviral therapies (ART) have reduced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection-associated morbidity and mortality improving the life of people with HIV (PWH). However, ART lead to residual HIV production, which in conjunction with microbial translocation and immune dysfunction contributes to chronic inflammation and immune activation. PWH on ART remain at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including myocardial infarction and stroke; which in part is explained by chronic inflammation and immune activation. Lifestyle factors and certain ART are associated with dyslipidemia characterized by an increase of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which further contributes in the increased risk for CVDs. Lipid-lowering agents like statins are emerging as immune modulators in decreasing inflammation in a variety of conditions including HIV. The international randomized clinical trial REPRIEVE has shed light on the reduction of CVDs with statin therapy among PWH. Such reports indicate a more than expected benefit of statins beyond their lipid-lowering effects. Bempedoic acid, a first-in-class non-statin LDL-lowering drug with immune modulatory effects, may further aid PWH in combination with statins. Herein, we critically reviewed studies aimed at lipid-lowering and immune-modulating roles of statins that may benefit aging PWH.

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The Effects of Statin Therapy on Oxidized LDL and Its Antibodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 80 publications

Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Biochemical Markers of the Initiation of Atherosclerotic Process

Impact of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Biochemical Markers of the Initiation of Atherosclerotic Process

Integrated Transcriptomics and Network Analysis of Potential Mechanisms and Health Effects of Convalescent COVID-19 Patients

Effects of statins beyond lipid-lowering agents in ART-treated HIV infection

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