Reservoirs are broadly affected by sedimentation resulting from
soil erosion. This study aimed to analyze the detrimental role of
selected soil physical properties on the sedimentation of
reservoirs, in this case, Washa Dam-Reservoir, Ethiopia; in a view
to help the monitoring system. The catchment was divided into
square grids of size 300 m by 300 m as a study unit to collect all
information for the analysis. Thirty-two years of rainfall data
were used to analyze rainfall trends, and estimate runoff through
the runoff curve number model. Soil loss was estimated using USLE.
the study revealed that the soil is dominated by as high as 49%
clay content; pH of 4.6–5.6; and bulk density of 1.4 to 1.6
kg/m3 which is a challenge to plant growth affecting
ground cover in turn soil erosion. The average daily runoff was
13.55mm with a runoff coefficient of 26%. The average annual soil
loss was 6.9t ha− 1 y− 1 producing a yearly
volume of sediment 4918.32 tons. The catchment sediment delivery
ratio was 26.98% resulting in the maximum sediment of 1.81 t
ha− 1 with a total of 1327.95 tonsediment yield per year
forming 8mm thick sediment on average. In conclusion, although the
catchment has erosive rainfall and is relatively less conserved, it
revealed tolerable soil loss and sediment yield. Except using their
separate interrelation, soil properties, and erosion do not show
statistical correlation. Therefore, it is recommended to plan
interventions by giving priority to grids having sediment-promoting
soil factors coupled with paying attention to getting a working
relationship between soil properties and sedimentation for a better
monitoring system.