The effects of soil organic matter on seedling emergence in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Abstract

Seedling emergence is one of the most important factors in the establishment of optimum plant density for a maximum yield. Seed quality and seedbed conditions affect seedling emergence. Seedbed condition is affected by soil content, especially soil organic ma�er. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of soil organic ma�er on germination and seedling emergence of three hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars. This research was conducted in 2000 and 2001 in field and glasshouse conditions. Perlite and 20 soils with different organic ma�er contents were used as seedbed conditions. Soil organic ma�er, environment, and soil organic ma�er × environment factors had significant effects on seedling emergence. Decreasing soil organic ma�er content resulted in a decrease of seedling emergence due to the decreases in water content of the soil. This effect was clearer in adverse environmental conditions, especially in the soils with less than 2% organic ma�er.

Performance of Acacia senegal (L.) Wild Seedlings Growth under some Tree Manures and NPK Fertilizers in Nursery Site

“…This observation is in agreement with works of many researchers (Önemli 2004;Sangakkara et al 2004;Bot and Benites 2005;Kung'u et al 2008) who found that different forms and compounds of organic matter (humic and fulvic substances, compost, rice straw and fresh Gliricidia spp.…”

Fatty Acid Content of Seed at Different Development Stages in Canola on Different Soil Types with Low Organic Matter

“…Seed oil content increased from GS 83 to GS 87 on Soil 1 and Soil 3 with a higher percentage of organic matter while maximum oil content was reached at GS 79 on Soil 3 and Soil 4. Table 5 shows that soil organic matter was advantageous for plant growth and seed development to produce higher oil yields (Onemli, 2004). The results show that seed development and soil type affects oil accumulation of canola seeds, and oil yield should be ameliorated by agronomic applications depend on environment.…”

“…2). Organic matter and microbial activity have been reported to have positive effects on fatty acid composition and physiological growth of oil crops (Onemli, 2004;Khosro et al, 2011).…”

“…In this region, while 35.2% of the total arable area had organic matter over 2% in 1970, only 6% of the total arable area currently has more than 2% organic matter. Loss of soil organic matter is gathering concern because it is often associated with reduced crop performance (Onemli, 2004).…”

Effects of agricultural management on soil organic matter and carbon transformation - a review

“…The importance of increased SOM or soil organic carbon (SOC) is its effect on improving soil physical properties, conserving water, and increasing available nutrients. These improvements should ultimately lead to greater biomass and crop yield (Bauer and Black 1994, Berzsenyi et al 2000, Onemli 2004). There is considerable concern that if SOM or SOC concentrations in soils are allowed to decrease too much, the productive capacity of agriculture will be then compromised by deterioration in soil physical properties and by impairment of soil nutrient cycling mechanisms (Bauer andBlack 1994, Loveland andWebb 2003).…”