The effects of social pressure and emotional expression on the cone of gaze in patients with social anxiety disorder

Theta resting EEG in TPJ/pSTS is associated with individual differences in the feeling of being looked at

“…Interestingly, most individuals’ range of gaze lines that are interpreted as being direct includes gaze angles that are averted to the left or right and people vary considerably in the range of gaze lines that they accept as being direct (e.g. Gamer and Hecht, 2007 ; Harbort et al , 2017 ). Recent research has linked such individual variability to social anxiety or autistic traits (e.g.…”

“…There is a considerable range of gaze directions that are accepted as making eye contact (e.g. Gibson and Pick, 1963 ; Gamer and Hecht, 2007 ; Lobmaier et al , 2008 ; Lobmaier and Perrett, 2011 ; Harbort et al , 2017 ). This lead Gamer and Hecht (2007) to suggest that gaze direction should be thought of as a cone rather than of a ray as assumed in earlier studies (e.g.…”

“… Gamer and Hecht, 2007 ; Gamer et al , 2011 ) but there seem to be remarkable individual differences in the range of gaze angles that are accepted as being direct (e.g. Ewbank et al , 2009 ; Gamer et al , 2011 ; Schulze et al , 2013a ; Harbort et al , 2017 ). This means that observers are prone to assume mutual gaze even when the looker is actually looking away, but that some people show this bias more than others.…”

“…Attempts to explain individual variability in the width of the CoDG primarily focused on differences in social anxiety ( Gamer et al , 2011 ; Jun et al , 2013 ; Schulze et al , 2013a ; Schulze et al , 2013b ; Harbort et al , 2017 ) and autistic traits (e.g. Matsuyoshi et al , 2014 ).…”

Avaliação da efetividade de um modelo da terapia cognitivo-comportamental em grupos para transtorno de ansiedade social: ensaio clínico randomizado

“…O transtorno inicia tipicamente na fase da adolescência e se não tratado de forma correta tende a seguir um curso crônico (D'El Rey, Pacini, & Chavira, 2006;Harbort, Spiegel, Witthöft, & Hecht, 2017). A idade média de início dos sintomas está localizada entre os 11 e 15 anos, período em que as habilidades sociais estão sendo aprendidas e/ou aprimoradas (Burke, Durke, Regier, & Rae, 1990).…”