The effects of simulated daylight and shade-light on vegetative and reproductive growth in kiwifruit and grapevine

Morgan, D. C.; Stanley, C.J.; Warrington, I. J.

doi:10.1080/14620316.1985.11515654

Cited by 51 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…far-red ratio of radiant energy, and thus causing shorter internodes to be produced (Morgan et al 1985). This is unlikely under the conditions reported here because single shoots were grown under very similar light regimes.…”

Section: Leaf Bunch Stem Rootmentioning

confidence: 83%

Growth and dry matter partitioning of Pinot Noir (Vitis vinifera L.) in relation to leaf area and crop load

Petrie

Trought

Howell

2000

Aust J Grape Wine Res

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Treatments varying source:sink ratio (leaf number per vine in relation to crop load) on container‐grown Pinot Noir grapevines produced differences in vine growth and dry matter accumulation and partitioning. Vines with (+) and those without (‐) fruit were subject to a range of leaf removal treatments. All treatments retained leaves at nodes 1–4 from the shoot base and then had: 100% (control); 66%; 33%; or 0% leaves retained from node 5 to the apex of the shoot. Leaf removal was done as leaves appeared. Leaf removal reduced vine weight. The presence of crop and the number of leaves influenced nodes per shoot and dry weight of the shoots. Removal of leaves did not influence shoot length although un cropped vines were larger in all of the above categories. Removal of either leaves or crop had an impact on leaf number, area per vine, area per leaf and leaf dry weight.‘crop’ vines carried fewer, and smaller leaves then the ‘crop’ vines. Carbon partitioning between above ground vegetative organs and roots followed the same relationship, regardless of harvest date, crop status or defoliation treatment. The ‘crop 33% leaf retained’ vines compensated for leaf removal by increasing their leaf size and dry weight over the ‘66% leaf retained’ and the control.

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Section: Leaf Bunch Stem Rootmentioning

confidence: 83%

Growth and dry matter partitioning of Pinot Noir (Vitis vinifera L.) in relation to leaf area and crop load

Petrie

Trought

Howell

2000

Aust J Grape Wine Res

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“…However, shading reduced fruit dry weight by 20% at harvest (1.0 g for unshaded and 0.8 g in vines shaded from 14 July-10 September, P < 0.05). Low light intensity (40-50% of full sun) reduced dry matter production of 'Hayward' (Morgan et al 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of time of overhead shading on yield, fruit quality, and subsequent flowering of hardy kiwifruit,Actinidia arguta

Tiyayon

Strik²

2004

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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The effect of overhead shading on yield, fruit quality, and subsequent flowering was studied in 4-year-old Actinidia arguta 'Ananasnaya' vines in Oregon, United States in 1998 and 1999. Experimental vines were shaded to 45% of full sun from 14 July to 14 August, 14 July to 10 September (harvest date), or 10 September to 16 November, 1998. Control vines were not shaded. Shading treatments were not repeated in 1999. Fruit fresh and dry weight development followed a similar growth pattern in all treatments. Shading had no effect on yield per vine or fruit fresh weight, length, diameter, and % soluble solids in 1998. Shading for 2 months before harvest significantly reduced fruit dry weight in 1998. Shading in 1998 did not affect percentage of budbreak or the number of buds, shoots, or fruitful shoots per vine in 1999. However, vines that were shaded had a significantly lower percentage of fruitful shoots than unshaded vines, especially vines shaded for 2 months before harvest in 1998. Vines shaded for 2 months before harvest had 48% fewer flowers and thus less yield than unshaded vines. one more cluster per shoot distally (at node 12) than vines shaded for 1 or 2 months before harvest the previous year. There was no treatment effect on fruit fresh weight, dry weight, length, diameter, seed number, or % soluble solids of marketable fruit in 1999. Results show that overhead shading, as might occur with dense canopies, did not have a large impact on fruit quality or yield in the current season, but reduced yield the following season. Overhead shading for 2 months before fruit harvest, led to the greatest reduction in flower number the following season confirming that the period before fruit harvest is an important time for flower bud evocation in this species.

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“…A number of factors can influence fruit size in kiwifruit including: pollination (Hopping 1990); crop load on the vine (Lahav et al 1989;Richardson & McAneney 1990;Cooper & Marshall 1991;Snelgar et al 1991); water deficits (Prendergast et al 1987;Judd et al 1989;McAneney et al 1991); leaf area (Cooper & Marshall 1991 ;Tombesi et al 1994); and light (Grant & Ryugo 1984;Morgan et al 1985;Snelgar & Hopkirk 1988;Snelgar et al 1992). Some of these factors can have effects which carry over beyond the season that they occur in.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Fruit Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Using early‐season measurements to estimate fruit volume at harvest in kiwifruit

Hall

McPherson

Crawford

et al. 1996

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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The results of controlled environment experiments and a field survey covering six major New Zealand kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) growing regions over 3 years showed, surprisingly, that the effect of temperature on the rate of fruit growth is small, at least during the second half of the fruit growth period. The considerable variation in the mean and standard deviation of fruit volume at harvest observed in the field among seasons and sites is therefore not attributable to temperature differences during the fruit-growing season. This raises the possibility that most of the factors affecting fruit growth rates may be established early in the season, so harvest fruit volumes can be predicted from early-season measurements. Mean fruit volumes observed in the field survey ranged from <85 ml (Kerikeri 1987 and Te Puke 1989) to > 130 ml (Kerikeri 1988 proportion of this should be attributed to management practices such as fruit thinning. The fruit growth curves could be described by a two-phase curve, with a reduction in slope 50-60 days after flowering. The initial phase, up to 50 days from flowering, produced growth rates of 1.55 ml/day. The second, slower phase of growth, averaged 0.42 ml/day over the period to harvest. A simple linear regression model was used to predict the mean fruit volume at harvest from measurements of fruit volume made at a given time during the period from 50 to 110 days from flowering (typically mid January and mid March, respectively). The percentage of the variation in mean fruit volume at harvest accounted for by the regression was 75% when based on measurements made 50 days from flowering and rose to nearly 98%, 110 days from flowering. A similar approach was used to predict the standard deviation of fruit volume at harvest. The observed standard deviation at harvest varied from 10 ml to just over 20 ml, which is within the range published by others. The regression of the standard deviation of the fruit volume at harvest on the standard deviation of fruit volume earlier in the season accounted for more than 80% of the observed variation from 50 days after flowering onwards.

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The effects of simulated daylight and shade-light on vegetative and reproductive growth in kiwifruit and grapevine

Cited by 51 publications

References 1 publication

Growth and dry matter partitioning of Pinot Noir (Vitis vinifera L.) in relation to leaf area and crop load

Growth and dry matter partitioning of Pinot Noir (Vitis vinifera L.) in relation to leaf area and crop load

Influence of time of overhead shading on yield, fruit quality, and subsequent flowering of hardy kiwifruit,Actinidia arguta

Using early‐season measurements to estimate fruit volume at harvest in kiwifruit

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