The Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Low Temperatures During the Booting Stage on Starch Synthesis and Yields in Wheat Grain

Zhang, Wenjing; Zhao, Yan; Li, Lingyu; Xu, Xu; Li, Yang; Luo, Zheng; Wang, Beibei; Ma, Shangyu; Fan, Yu; Huang, Zhenglai

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.684784

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Low temperature (LT) is an important abiotic stress that seriously affects the production and development of global cereal crops (Huang et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021). Several studies have found that the post-silking/grain filling stage is very sensitive to LT during the growth cycle of cereal crops (Thakur et al, 2010;Luo, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of post-silking low temperature on the starch and protein metabolism, endogenous hormone contents, and quality of grains in waxy maize

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Waxy maize has many excellent characteristics in food and nonfood industries. However, post-silking low temperature (LT) has severe limitations on its grain yield and quality. In this study, field and pot trials were conducted to investigate the effects of post-silking LT on the physiological, biochemical, and functional characteristics of two waxy maize grains. The field and pot trials were performed with sowing date and artificial climate chamber, respectively, for LT treatment from silking stage to maturity. Results in pot trial were used to explain and validate the findings in field trial. Compared with the ambient treatment, the LT treatment significantly reduced kernel weight during the grain filling stage (P < 0.05). LT treatment in both environments resulted in an average decrease in dry weight of SYN5 and YN7 at maturity by 36.6% and 42.8%, respectively. Enzymatic activities related to starch and protein biosynthesis decreased under the LT treatment during the filling stage, accompanied by a decrease in the accumulation amounts and contents of soluble sugar and starch, and a decrease in protein accumulation amount. Meanwhile, the contents of abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and gibberellin 3 in grains decreased under the LT treatment during the filling stage. Peak, trough, breakdown, final, and setback viscosities of grains decreased by LT. LT treatment decreased the gelatinization enthalpy of grains and increased the retrogradation percentage. In conclusion, post-silking LT stress altered the content of grain components by inhibiting the production of phytohormones and down-regulating the enzymatic activities involved in starch and protein metabolism, which resulted in the deterioration of grain pasting and thermal properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of post-silking low temperature on the starch and protein metabolism, endogenous hormone contents, and quality of grains in waxy maize

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Low-temperature stress during spring depicts that the temperature in the season of rebirth, growth, and development rises rapidly, and during late spring season, the temperature is generally lower than optimum. Following this, when the crop development enters the anther differentiation phase, the resistance to frost will descend sharply (Zhang et al, 2015(Zhang et al, , 2019(Zhang et al, , 2021. This will subject toward fruitlessness or adverse production losses sometimes 30-50% once the crop plant encounters low-temperature stress (Zheng et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Global Climate Change and Impacts On Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the Research Gaps to Alleviate the Negative Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security: A Review

Farooq

Uzair²,

Raza

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Climatic variability has been acquiring an extensive consideration due to its widespread ability to impact food production and livelihoods. Climate change has the potential to intersperse global approaches in alleviating hunger and undernutrition. It is hypothesized that climate shifts bring substantial negative impacts on food production systems, thereby intimidating food security. Vast developments have been made addressing the global climate change, undernourishment, and hunger for the last few decades, partly due to the increase in food productivity through augmented agricultural managements. However, the growing population has increased the demand for food, putting pressure on food systems. Moreover, the potential climate change impacts are still unclear more obviously at the regional scales. Climate change is expected to boost food insecurity challenges in areas already vulnerable to climate change. Human-induced climate change is expected to impact food quality, quantity, and potentiality to dispense it equitably. Global capabilities to ascertain the food security and nutritional reasonableness facing expeditious shifts in biophysical conditions are likely to be the main factors determining the level of global disease incidence. It can be apprehended that all food security components (mainly food access and utilization) likely be under indirect effect via pledged impacts on ménage, incomes, and damages to health. The corroboration supports the dire need for huge focused investments in mitigation and adaptation measures to have sustainable, climate-smart, eco-friendly, and climate stress resilient food production systems. In this paper, we discussed the foremost pathways of how climate change impacts our food production systems as well as the social, and economic factors that in the mastery of unbiased food distribution. Likewise, we analyze the research gaps and biases about climate change and food security. Climate change is often responsible for food insecurity issues, not focusing on the fact that food production systems have magnified the climate change process. Provided the critical threats to food security, the focus needs to be shifted to an implementation oriented-agenda to potentially cope with current challenges. Therefore, this review seeks to have a more unprejudiced view and thus interpret the fusion association between climate change and food security by imperatively scrutinizing all factors.

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“…Variations in ambient temperature during the grain-filling stage affect starch accumulation (Ahmed et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2021) and the amylose-amylopectin contents of the rice endosperm (Jiang et al, 2003;Zhen-Zhen et al, 2015). Prevailing low-temperature stress during the grain-filling stage will prolong the grain-filling period from 32 days to >50 days (Ahmed et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The product of filling efficiency and sink capacity collectively produce the grain yield in cereals (Kato et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2021). Wider breeding efforts globally have increased the grain sink capacity and maximized the size of sink organs likely to be harvested to further increase the grain yield primarily by enhancing the spikelet number on each panicle (Kato et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2021). Consequently, cultivars with extraheavy or large panicles with more spikelets on each panicle have been produced; for example, the "New Plant Type" produced by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) (Peng et al, 2008), "hybrid rice," "super rice", and super hybrid rice" (Wang and Peng, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inquiring the inter-relationships amongst grain-filling, grain-yield, and grain-quality of Japonica rice at high latitudes of China

Farooq

Khaskheli²,

Uzair³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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The widespread impacts of projected global and regional climate change on rice yield have been investigated by different indirect approaches utilizing various simulation models. However, direct approaches to assess the impacts of climatic variabilities on rice growth and development may provide more reliable evidence to evaluate the effects of climate change on rice productivity. Climate change has substantially impacted rice production in the mid-high latitudes of China, especially in Northeast China (NEC). Climatic variabilities occurring in NEC since the 1970s have resulted in an obvious warming trend, which made this region one of the three major rice-growing regions in China. However, the projections of future climate change have indicated the likelihood of more abrupt and irregular climatic changes, posing threats to rice sustainability in this region. Hence, understanding the self-adaptability and identifying adjustive measures to climate variability in high latitudes has practical significance for establishing a sustainable rice system to sustain future food security in China. A well-managed field study under randomized complete block design (RCBD) was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at two study sites in Harbin and Qiqihar, located in Heilongjiang province in NEC. Four different cultivars were evaluated: Longdao-18, Longdao-21 (longer growth duration), Longjing-21, and Suijing-18 (shorter growth duration) to assess the inter-relationships among grain-filling parameters, grain yield and yield components, and grain quality attributes. To better compare the adaptability mechanisms between grain-filling and yield components, the filling phase was divided into three sub-phases (start, middle, and late). The current study evaluated the formation and accumulation of the assimilates in superior and inferior grains during grain-filling, mainly in the middle sub-phase, which accounted for 59.60% of the yield. The grain yields for Suijing-18, Longjing-21, Longdao-21, and Longdao-18 were 8.02%, 12.78%, 17.19%, and 20.53% higher in Harbin than those in Qiqihar, respectively in 2017, with a similar trend observed in 2018. At Harbin, a higher number of productive tillers was noticed in Suijing-18, with averages of 17 and 15 in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The grain-filling parameters of yield analysis showed that the filling duration in Harbin was conducive to increased yield but the low dry weight of inferior grains was a main factor limiting the yield in Qiqihar. The average protein content values in Harbin were significantly higher (8.54% and 9.13%) than those in Qiqihar (8.34% and 9.14%) in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The amylose content was significantly higher in Harbin (20.03% and 22.27%) than those in Qiqihar (14.44% and 14.67%) in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The chalkiness percentage was higher in Qiqihar, indicating that Harbin produced good quality rice. This study provides more direct evidence of the relative changes in rice grain yield due to changes in grain-filling associated with relative changes in environmental components. These self-adaptability mechanisms to climatic variability and the inter-relationships between grain-filling and grain yield underscore the urgent to investigate and explore measures to improve Japonica rice sustainability, with better adaptation to increasing climatic variabilities. These findings may also be a reference for other global rice regions at high latitudes in addressing the impacts of climate change on future rice sustainability.

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The Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Low Temperatures During the Booting Stage on Starch Synthesis and Yields in Wheat Grain

Cited by 18 publications

References 72 publications

Effects of post-silking low temperature on the starch and protein metabolism, endogenous hormone contents, and quality of grains in waxy maize

Effects of post-silking low temperature on the starch and protein metabolism, endogenous hormone contents, and quality of grains in waxy maize

Uncovering the Research Gaps to Alleviate the Negative Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security: A Review

Inquiring the inter-relationships amongst grain-filling, grain-yield, and grain-quality of Japonica rice at high latitudes of China

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