The effects of short-term and long-term monensin supplementation, and its subsequent withdrawal on digestion in sheep

Rogers, Michaela; Jouany, J. P.; Thivend, P.; Fontenot, J. P.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(96)01089-9

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Time had no (P > 0.05) effect on milk fat percentage (Table 2). Figure 1 shows that monensin reduced and sustained a 7 to 9% reduction in CH 4 production (g/d and g/kg of BW) for 6 mo, in agreement with other previous studies (e.g., Davies et al, 1982;Mbanzamihigo et al, 1995Mbanzamihigo et al, , 1996Rogers et al, 1997) that have shown 40-to 240-d CH 4 reductions as long as monensin was fed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Long-Term Effects of Feeding Monensin on Methane Production in Lactating Dairy Cows

Odongo

Bagg

Vessie

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

150

137

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The objective of this study was to determine the longterm effects of feeding monensin on methane (CH 4 ) production in lactating dairy cows. Twenty-four lactating Holstein dairy cows (1.46 ± 0.17 parity; 620 ± 5.9 kg of live weight; 92.5 ± 2.62 d in milk) housed in a tie-stall facility were used in the study. The study was conducted as paired comparisons in a completely randomized design with repeated measurements in a color-coded, double-blind experiment. The cows were paired by parity and days in milk and allocated to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) the regular milking cow total mixed ration (TMR) with a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 60:40 (control TMR; placebo premix) vs. a medicated TMR (monensin TMR; regular TMR + 24 mg of Rumensin Premix/kg of dry matter) fed ad libitum. The animals were fed and milked twice daily (feeding at 0830 and 1300 h; milking at 0500 and 1500 h) and CH 4 production was measured prior to introducing the treatments and monthly thereafter for 6 mo using an open-circuit indirect calorimetry system. Monensin reduced CH 4 production by 7% (expressed as grams per day) and by 9% (expressed as grams per kilogram of body weight), which were sustained for 6 mo (mean, 458.7 vs. 428.7 ± 7.75 g/d and 0.738 vs. 0.675 ± 0.0141, control vs. monensin, respectively). Monensin reduced milk fat percentage by 9% (3.90 vs. 3.53 ± 0.098%, control vs. monensin, respectively) and reduced milk protein by 4% (3.37 vs. 3.23 ± 0.031%, control vs. monensin, respectively). Monensin did not affect the dry matter intake or milk yield of the cows. These results suggest that medicating a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate TMR with 24 mg of Rumensin Premix/kg of dry matter is a viable strategy for reducing CH 4 production in lactating Holstein dairy cows.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Long-Term Effects of Feeding Monensin on Methane Production in Lactating Dairy Cows

Odongo

Bagg

Vessie

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

150

137

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“…Estudos de curta duração demonstram redução no número de protozoários, enquanto a comunidade de protozoários retorna o crescimento após três semanas de fornecimento, como observado por Guan et al (2006), com monensina combinada ou não com lasalocida, comprovando que o efeito dos ionóforos é transitório e os ciliados podem criar resistência aos ionóforos quando utilizados por períodos mais longos. Rogers et al (1997) mostraram que o efeito negativo da monensina sobre os protozoários decresceu ao longo do tempo em animais alimentados com dietas com alto concentrado e a intensidade deste efeito foi dependente do tipo de protozoário. Para os autores, Entodinium foi inibido enquanto o número de Isotricha aumentou como resultado da suplementação de monensina.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito da monensina e do óleo de soja sobre os protozoários ciliados do rúmen e correlação dos protozoários com parâmetros da fermentação ruminal e digestivos

Martinele

Eifert

Lana³

et al. 2008

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Quatro vacas lactantes canuladas no rúmen, com 155 dias em lactação, foram dispostas em um quadrado latino 4 × 4 e alimentadas, duas vezes ao dia, com silagem de milho e concentrado (relação 55:45, base matéria seca), para se avaliarem os efeitos da monensina e do óleo de soja na dieta de vacas lactantes sobre a contagem de protozoários ciliados, além de estabelecer correlações entre os protozoários com alguns parâmetros da digestão e da fermentação ruminal. Os tratamentos consistiram da inclusão de 33 ppm de monensina sódica ou de 4% de óleo de soja na dieta, assim representados: dieta controle, sem óleo ou monensina -CT; dieta com monensina -MN; dieta com óleo -OL; combinação de 33 ppm de monensina e 4% de óleo de soja -OM. Verificou-se a ocorrência de 11 gêneros de ciliados, sendo Entodinium o predominante em todos os tratamentos. Não foi observada interação significativa óleo de soja × monensina sobre a contagem de protozoários e gêneros. Os gêneros Entodinium, Dasytricha, Eremoplastron e Isotricha foram reduzidos nas dietas com óleo, enquanto a monensina diminuiu a contagem de Dasytricha, Eremoplastron e Epidinium. O número total de protozoários e de ciliados celulolíticos foi reduzido pelos efeitos de óleo de soja e monensina, indicando efeito aditivo defaunatório quando combinados o óleo e a monensina. Os ciliados celulolíticos foram reduzidos pelo consumo de ácido linoléico e positivamente relacionados à digestibilidade ruminal da FDN e amônia ruminal. O número total de protozoários foi correlacionado à proporção de propionato no líquido ruminal, indicando que monensina e óleo de soja, pelo seu efeito defaunatório, podem reduzir a perda de metano no rúmen.Palavras-chave: bovinos, Ciliophora, lipídios, ionóforo, metano Effect of monensin and soybean oil on rumen ciliate protozoa and correlation between protozoa with ruminal fermentation and digestive parametersABSTRACT -Four lactating dairy cows with ruminal cannula and 155 DIM were allotted to a 4 × 4 Latin square and fed twice daily corn silage and concentrate (55:45, %DM) to evaluate the effect of monensin and soybean oil in the diet of lactating cows on the counting of ciliate protozoa beyond establishing correlations between number of protozoa with some parameters of digestion and ruminal fermentation. The treatments consisted of the inclusion of 33 ppm of sodium monensin or soybean oil at 4% DM, as following: control diet, without oil or monensin -CT; diet with monensin -MN; diet with soybean oil -OL; diet with the combination of 33 ppm of monensin and 4% of soybean oil -OM. Occurrence of 11 ciliate genera was observed, being Entodinium the predominant in all treatments. No significant soybean oil × monensin interaction was observed on protozoa number and genera. The genera Entodinium, Dasytricha, Eremoplastron and Isotricha reduced in the diets with oil, while monensin reduced the counting of Dasytricha, Eremoplastron and Epidinium. The total number of ciliate protozoa and cellulolytics protozoa was reduced by soybean oil and monensin effec...

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“…long term in vivo trials have shown that the inhibition of methanogenesis by monensin did not persist [58,122]. This appears to be in conflict with the observation that altered patterns of volatile fatty acid production persist in monensin treated animals during long term trials [118,120]. The effect of salinomycin on methane production however seemed to be more persistent [149].…”

Section: Methane Oxidisersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane production by ruminants: its contribution to global warming

Moss

Jouany

Newbold³

2000

Ann. Zootech.

1,092

915

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-The aim of this paper is to review the role of methane in the global warming scenario and to examine the contribution to atmospheric methane made by enteric fermentation, mainly by ruminants. Agricultural emissions of methane in the EU-15 have recently been estimated at 10.2 million tonnes per year and represent the greatest source. Of these, approximately two-thirds come from enteric fermentation and one-third from livestock manure. Fermentation of feeds in the rumen is the largest source of methane from enteric fermentation and this paper considers in detail the reasons for, and the consequences of, the fact that the molar percentage of the different volatile fatty acids produced during fermentation influences the production of methane in the rumen. Acetate and butyrate promote methane production while propionate formation can be considered as a competitive pathway for hydrogen use in the rumen. The many alternative approaches to reducing methane are considered, both in terms of reduction per animal and reduction per unit of animal product. It was concluded that the most promising areas for future research for reducing methanogenesis are the development of new products/delivery systems for anti-methanogenic compounds or alternative electron acceptors in the rumen and reduction in protozoal numbers in the rumen. It is also stressed that the reason ruminants are so important to mankind is that much of the world's biomass is rich in fibre. They can convert this into high quality protein sources (i.e. meat and milk) for human consumption and this will need to be balanced against the concomitant production of methane. methane / ruminants / global warning / reduction strategies Résumé -Production de méthane par les ruminants : sa contribution au réchauffement de la planète. Cet article examine le rôle du méthane dans le processus de réchauffement de la planète et évalue la contribution au méthane atmosphérique des gaz d'origine digestive issus principalement des ruminants. Les émissions annuelles de méthane d'origine agricole dans l'Europe des quinze ont été estimées récemment à 10,2 millions de tonnes et représentent la principale source des entrées Ann. Zootech. 49 (2000) 231-253 231 © INRA, EDP Sciences

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The effects of short-term and long-term monensin supplementation, and its subsequent withdrawal on digestion in sheep

Cited by 37 publications

References 38 publications

Long-Term Effects of Feeding Monensin on Methane Production in Lactating Dairy Cows

Long-Term Effects of Feeding Monensin on Methane Production in Lactating Dairy Cows

Efeito da monensina e do óleo de soja sobre os protozoários ciliados do rúmen e correlação dos protozoários com parâmetros da fermentação ruminal e digestivos

Methane production by ruminants: its contribution to global warming

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