The Effects of Short-Foot Exercises on Postural Control: A Critically Appraised Topic

Mignogna, Christopher A.; Welsch, Lauren A.; Hoch, Matthew C.

doi:10.1123/ijatt.2016-0049

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This led to them concluding that the SFE could not be defended as a training method, but that it could improve posture control. According to their conclusion, foot posture was influenced not only by the short plantar muscle, but by a set of anatomic structures (i.e., extrinsic muscle, ligaments, and articulations) [2,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intrinsic foot muscle (IFM) has a determinant role in the standing position and in walking. Its function is considered primordial in maintaining the plantar arch and controlling foot posture along with the rest of its anatomical structures (i.e., bones, ligaments, extrinsic muscles, and fascia) [1,2]. Weakness of the short or intrinsic muscle of the foot is related to greater incidence of pronation, fasciitis, sprains, and injuries of other body parts [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Randomized Clinical Trial: The Effect of Exercise of the Intrinsic Muscle on Foot Pronation

Pabón-Carrasco

Castro-Méndez

Vilar-Palomo

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: There is little scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of strengthening exercises on the foot’s intrinsic musculature in improving the lower limb on the statics and dynamics in healthy individuals. Method: To evaluate the effect on foot posture with regard to the reinforcement of the short foot exercise (SFE) compared to another without a recognized biomechanical action, which we called the “non-biomechanical function” (NBF) exercise. A randomized clinical trial was carried out with 85 asymptomatic participants with a bilateral Foot Posture Index (FPI) greater than 6 points. An experimental group (n = 42) did SFE training and a control group (n = 43) carried out NBF exercises. The foot posture was evaluated twice via the navicular drop (ND) test, and the FPI was assessed on the day of inclusion in the study (pre-intervention) and after four weeks of training (post-intervention). Results: Statistically significant values were not found in foot posture between the experimental and the control groups when comparing before and after the training. However, the foot posture was modified in both groups with respect to its initial state, and the ND value decreased. Conclusions: SFE could be considered a useful tool to deal with pathologies whose etiology includes excessive pronation of the foot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Clinical Trial: The Effect of Exercise of the Intrinsic Muscle on Foot Pronation

Pabón-Carrasco

Castro-Méndez

Vilar-Palomo

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Lynn et al [17] concluded that strengthening the foot intrinsic muscles through short foot exercises improved dynamic postural control by increasing activation of the foot intrinsic muscles during dynamic postural control, but not static postural control. When utilizing the "short foot" cue, the goal is to heighten the medial longitudinal arch and activate the intrinsic foot musculature in order to provide stability throughout the lower kinetic chain and therefore improve balance and postural control [18]. Our research findings support the studies conducted by Mulligan and Cook [16] and Lynn et al [17] demonstrating that utilizing the short foot motor control cue improves dynamic postural control as noted by the Functional Reach Test, and not static postural control on the Biodex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sensory Stimulation versus Motor Control Cueing of the Foot on Balance in Elderly Females: Single Group Pretest-Posttest Study

Wilmot¹,

Alfonso²,

Vélez³

et al. 2019

AAR

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Study Design: A Quasi Experimental Single Group Pre-Test Post-Test. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sensory stimulation and motor control cueing of the foot on balance in females over the age of 65. Background: Balance deficits in the elderly population have shown to have detrimental consequences. Evidence suggests that sensory stimulation and motor control of the foot improve postural sway, however, studies have yet to compare the effects of both interventions on balance. Method and Measures: A total of 40 participants were contacted to complete the study with 32 participants meeting inclusion criteria for data collection and completing the research study. Two data collection days were utilized to perform pre and post-test outcome measures using the Functional Reach Test and Overall Sway Index (collected using the Biodex Medical System Inc., Biodex Biosway Portable Balance System). The interventions were 2-minute sensory stimulation to the sole of each foot on day one, and the "short foot" motor control cue on day two. Four related sample T-tests were conducted with the interventions as the dependent variable and the time of observation (pre and post) as the independent variable. Results: The results revealed sensory stimulation significantly improved balance as indicated by a decline in postural sway from pretest (5.92 ± 3.05) to posttest (5.00 ± 2.92) (p = 0.045) and a significant increase in Functional Reach from pretest (8.01 ± 2.55) to posttest (8.70 ± 2.66) (p < 0.001). Motor control cueing demonstrated mixed results on balance with an increase in postural sway from pretest (5.52 ± 3.50) to posttest (6.66 ± 4.06) (p = 0.015), and an increase in Functional Reach from pretest (8.47 ± 2.34) to posttest (9.01 ± 2.37) (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Based on the results, researchers concluded that sensory stimulation is a viable intervention to utilize in order to improve balance in the elderly population. Further research to identify the appropriate prescription of sensory stimulation to maximize effects should be completed.

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“…7,8 To perform the SFE, an individual is instructed to raise the medial longitudinal arch by bringing the metatarsal heads toward the heel without flexing the toes. [9][10][11] There is evidence that the SFE results in increased dynamic balance control 12 and somatosensory function 13 and greater activation of the intrinsic foot muscles compared with other common exercises. 8 Therefore, a rehabilitation plan that incorporates the SFE may be effective in supporting the arch and resolving the condition.…”

Section: Clinical Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the 3 studies included in the critically appraised topic (CAT) studied participants that were asymptomatic. However, available evidence suggests there are other positive benefits of the SFE, including increased dynamic balance control, 12 improved somatosensory function in ankle instability, 13 and greater activation of the intrinsic foot muscles. 8 Clinicians should use their best clinical judgment when deciding whether to utilize the SFE as an intervention for decreasing ND.…”

Section: Clinical Bottom Linementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Short Foot Exercise on Navicular Drop: A Critically Appraised Topic

Haun¹,

Brown²,

Hannigan³

et al. 2021

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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Clinical Scenario: Deformation of the arch, as measured by navicular drop (ND), is linked to lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries. The short foot exercise (SFE) has been used to strengthen the intrinsic foot muscles that support the arch. Clinical Question: Does the SFE decrease ND in healthy adults? Summary of Key Findings: Three studies that examined the use of the SFE on ND were included. A randomized control trial that compared the SFE to a towel-curl exercise and a control group found no significant differences between the 3 groups. A randomized control trial compared the SFE to the use of arch support insoles in individuals with a flexible flatfoot and found a significant improvement in the SFE group. A prospective cohort study, without a control group, reported a significant decrease in ND following a 4-week SFE intervention without a regression at an 8-week follow-up. Overall, two of the three studies reported a significant reduction in ND following an SFE. Clinical Bottom Line: There is preliminary data supporting the use of the SFE to decrease ND—particularly in individuals with a flexible flatfoot. However, issues with the study designs make it difficult to interpret the data. Strength of Recommendation: Due to limited evidence, there is grade B evidence to support the use of the SFE to decrease ND.

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The Effects of Short-Foot Exercises on Postural Control: A Critically Appraised Topic

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Randomized Clinical Trial: The Effect of Exercise of the Intrinsic Muscle on Foot Pronation

Randomized Clinical Trial: The Effect of Exercise of the Intrinsic Muscle on Foot Pronation

The Effect of Sensory Stimulation versus Motor Control Cueing of the Foot on Balance in Elderly Females: Single Group Pretest-Posttest Study

The Effects of the Short Foot Exercise on Navicular Drop: A Critically Appraised Topic

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