The Effects of Seed Burial and Soil Disturbance on Emergence and Survival of Arable Weeds in Relation to Minimal Cultivation

Froud-Williams, R. J.; Chancellor, R. J.; Drennan, D. S. H.

doi:10.2307/2403434

Cited by 177 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Infestations of up to 500 plants m -2 of field violet have been identified in reduced tillage fields in Alberta (unpublished observation). This contradicts previous reports from Europe and eastern Canada suggesting that field violet recruitment and establishment are low in untilled fields (Froud-Williams et al 1984;Bachthaler et al 1986;Doohan et al 1991). Baker (1965) introduced the term "general purpose genotype" to describe species capable of succeeding under a broad range of climatic and edaphic conditions due to phenotypic and developmental plasticity.…”

contrasting

confidence: 87%

Plasticity, life cycle and interference potential of field violet (Viola arvensis Murr.) in direct-seeded wheat and canola in central Alberta

Degenhardt¹,

Spaner²,

Harker³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Very few annuals produced seed during the season if they emerged after June, but some (< 45%) of these plants successfully overwintered. Summer annuals began dispersing mature seed 7 wk after emergence, but were also capable of persisting in a quiescent state for extended periods (up to 19 wk). Wheat and canola yield loss attributable to field violet was minimal. We compared domestic and European field violet accessions to determine if the study population represented a unique agroecotype. Plants from both cohorts grown in the greenhouse were near-identical, suggesting that differences resulted from phenotypic plasticity, rather than genetic divergence. Field violet appears to be well adapted to growing conditions and farming practices in Alberta, but is a poor competitor and is unlikely to cause serious crop production losses. La plante éclot en nombre variable, avec un pic au début de juin et en septembre. Lorsqu'elles germent après juin, très peu de violettes montent en graines, mais quelques plants survivent à l'hiver (moins de 45 %). Les annuelles alternatives répan-dent les graines matures sept semaines après la germination, mais elles peuvent persister longtemps (jusqu'à 19 semaines) au stade de repos. La violette cause des pertes de rendement minimes au blé et au canola. Les auteurs ont comparé les obtentions canadiennes et européennes afin d'établir si la population à l'étude constituait un écotype agricole particulier. Les plantes des deux cohortes cultivées en serre étaient presque identiques, signe que les variations résultent de la plasticité du phénotype et n'ont pas une origine génétique. La violette des champs semble bien adaptée aux conditions de croissance et aux pratiques agricoles de l'Alberta, mais s'avère une piètre compétitrice et il est peu probable qu'elle entraîne de grandes pertes pour l'agriculture.

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contrasting

confidence: 87%

Plasticity, life cycle and interference potential of field violet (Viola arvensis Murr.) in direct-seeded wheat and canola in central Alberta

Degenhardt¹,

Spaner²,

Harker³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Although tractor use has the potential to alter soil and seed bank properties (Froud-Williams et al 1984;Lowery and Schuler 1991;Kozlowski 1999), a concurrent study found no short-term impact of fangueo on several soil and seed bank properties in Palo Verde Marsh (Osland et al 2011).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 95%

Coastal Freshwater Wetland Plant Community Response to Seasonal Drought and Flooding in Northwestern Costa Rica

2011

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Wetlands in tropical wet-dry climates are governed by distinct and extreme seasonal hydrologic fluctuations. In this study, we investigated the plant community response to seasonal flooding and drought in Palo Verde Marsh, Costa Rica. Climate change models for the region predict reduced rainfall and a drier wet season which would likely alter seasonal hydrologic cycles and prompt vegetation change. We quantified compositional change following disturbance emphasizing seasonal differences in plant life-form abundance across life history stages via standing vegetation, seed bank, and seedling recruitment measurements. Whereas the dry season standing vegetation was dominated by emergent species, aquatic species (floating-rooted, free-floating, and submerged life forms) were more dominant during the wet season. Seed bank and seedling recruitment measurements indicated that many species are resilient with life history traits that enable them to respond rapidly to extreme hydrologic filters. Interestingly, species richness was highest during seasonal flooding. Our results highlight the importance of early-wet season rainfall for plant regeneration and community change. Our findings also indicate that a drier future would likely have a large impact upon wetland plant communities with a decrease in species richness and an increase in the abundance of drought-tolerant emergent species.

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“…Por el contrario, con relación al banco de semillas del suelo no se halló un patrón de distribución consistente a través del tiempo y, por lo tanto, no fue posible construir semivariogramas para el total de muestreos (Forcella et al,1992 forma aleatoria dentro del área de estudio (Froud-Williams et al, 1984). Iguales resultados encontraron Gaston et al (2001) en un estudio llevado a cabo en el delta del río Mississipi.…”

Section: Análisis Espacialunclassified

Estudio geoestadístico de la dinámica de poblaciones de Spermacoce tenuior L. y Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers., arvenses del sistema rotacional maíz-soya de la altillanura colombiana

Arrieta

Copete

Sánchez

2007

CTA

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The use of geostatistics to study weed dynamics of Spermacoce tenuior L. and Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers. in the corn-soybean rotation system at Colombian well drained savannahsUsing geostatistical techniques (varigrams and kriging), the impact of some agronomic practices on distribution, density and spatial and temporal weed dynamics of Spermacoce tenuior and digitaria longiflora Retz (Pers.) was studied in the corn-soybean rotation system of the well drained soils of the Colombian Easter plain savannahs. Field distribution had high spatial dependence and best described by linear, Gaussian and spherical models. Crop rotation cycle analyses indicated that field distribution was influenced by tillage because evidently in most variograms field aggregation was reduced. Estudio geoestadístico de la dinámica de poblaciones de Spermacoce tenuior L. y Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers., arvenses del sistema rotacional maíz-soya de la altillanura colombiana R E S U M E N Con el objeto de conocer la dinámica de las malezas en el sistema rotacional de producción maíz-soya en la altillanura plana de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia, se indagó el impacto de algunas prácticas agronómicas sobre los cambios de distribución, densidad y composición espacio-temporal de poblaciones de las especies Spermacoce tenuior L. y digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers. utilizando herramientas geoestadísticas (variogramas y 'kriging'). Los modelos que mejor describieron la estructura espacial de dichas poblaciones fueron de tipo lineal, gaussiano y esférico. El análisis de los ciclos de rotación indica que la estructura espacial se vio influida por la labranza, pues en la mayoría de variogramas fue evidente una reducción de la agregación espacial. Cuando los valores de la semivarianza aumentaron, como sucedió en el banco de semillas de d. longiflora, se presentó agregación de poblaciones. La ausencia de anisotropía indica que las dos poblaciones de arvenses y sus semillas se encuentran distribuidas al azar en cualquier dirección. Para las plantas emergidas de la especie S. tenuior se observó una tendencia de descenso en los valores del sill (techo), al pasar de 69,28 plantas en I-semestre de 2001 a 0,16 en II-semestre de 2002, lo cual señala niveles de agregación decrecientes a través del tiempo. Respecto del banco de semillas del suelo no se halló un patrón de distribución consistente en el tiempo y no fue posible construir semivariogramas para el total de los muestreos. d. longiflora presentó una estructura espacial determinada durante los dos primeros semestres de 2001, pero en 2002 mostró una muy débil estructura espacial, lo que significa que las poblaciones de plantas se distribuyeron de manera aleatoria dentro de la zona de estudio al pasar de un ciclo de rotación a otro.

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The Effects of Seed Burial and Soil Disturbance on Emergence and Survival of Arable Weeds in Relation to Minimal Cultivation

Cited by 177 publications

References 16 publications

Plasticity, life cycle and interference potential of field violet (Viola arvensis Murr.) in direct-seeded wheat and canola in central Alberta

Plasticity, life cycle and interference potential of field violet (Viola arvensis Murr.) in direct-seeded wheat and canola in central Alberta

Coastal Freshwater Wetland Plant Community Response to Seasonal Drought and Flooding in Northwestern Costa Rica

Estudio geoestadístico de la dinámica de poblaciones de Spermacoce tenuior L. y Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers., arvenses del sistema rotacional maíz-soya de la altillanura colombiana

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