The Effects of Seasonal Timing of Disturbance on Species Composition in a First-Year Oldfield

Squiers, Edwin R.

doi:10.2307/2996625

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In at least one study, disturbance in the fall increased populations of Ambrosia, but disturbance in early summer did not (Squiers 1989). We suggest that the timing of disturbance affects the species present in the grassland we studied.…”

Section: Metacommunity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Vole disturbances and plant diversity in a grassland metacommunity

Questad

Foster

2007

Oecologia

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We studied the disturbance associated with prairie vole burrows and its effects on grassland plant diversity at the patch (1 m(2)) and metacommunity (>5 ha) scales. We expected vole burrows to increase patch-scale plant species diversity by locally reducing competition for resources or creating niche opportunities that increase the presence of fugitive species. At the metacommunity scale, we expected burrows to increase resource heterogeneity and have a community composition distinct from the matrix. We measured resource variables and plant community composition in 30 paired plots representing disturbed burrows and undisturbed matrix patches in a cool-season grassland. Vole disturbance affected the mean values of nine resource variables measured and contributed more to resource heterogeneity in the metacommunity than matrix plots. Disturbance increased local plant species richness, metacommunity evenness, and the presence and abundance of fugitive species. To learn more about the contribution of burrow and matrix habitats to metacommunity diversity, we compared community similarity among burrow and matrix plots. Using Sorenson's similarity index, which considers only presence-absence data, we found no difference in community similarity among burrows and matrix plots. Using a proportional similarity index, which considers both presence-absence and relative abundance data, we found low community similarity among burrows. Burrows appeared to shift the identity of dominant species away from the species dominant in the matrix. They also allowed subordinate species to persist in higher abundances. The patterns we observed are consistent with several diversity-maintaining mechanisms, including a successional mosaic and alternative successional trajectories. We also found evidence that prairie voles may be ecosystem engineers.

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Section: Metacommunity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Vole disturbances and plant diversity in a grassland metacommunity

Questad

Foster

2007

Oecologia

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“…Data were subjected to the Fisher's analysis of variance technique (Steel et al, 1997) using Statistix 8.1 (Analytical software, Statistix; Tallahassee, FL, USA, 1985e2003) and the honest significance difference (HSD) Tukey's test at 0.05 probability was applied to compare the differences amongst the treatment means. …”

Section: Data Collection and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composition of weed communities are known to differ in mid-and late-season planted crops (Milberg et al, 2001). The timing of soil disturbance will govern which weed seeds in what state of dormancy are available for germination; thereby, regulating germination and subsequent weed growth (Busing and Clebsch, 1983;Squiers, 1989). Seed availability as well as their dormancy status is influenced by environmental attributes that may contrast within the same growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed dynamics as influenced by tillage system, sowing time and weed competition duration in dry-seeded rice

et al. 2015

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“…Weber ex Wiggers, Trifolium spp. and Triticum aestivum L. (Squiers 1989). In an Illinois successional old field grassland community S. faberi co-existed with Panicum anceps Michx., Cardamine hirsute L., Andropogon virginicus L., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Tridens flavus (L.) A.S.…”

Section: Habitatmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 141. Setaria faberi Herrm.

Nurse¹,

Darbyshire²,

Bertin³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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known as giant foxtail, is an annual graminaceous weed that is native to eastern China, has colonized eastern North America and is expanding its range westward. This species is primarily self-pollinated and the only mechanism of reproduction is by seed. Adult plants may reach 2 m in height and produce over 2000 seeds per panicle. Seeds may possess non-deep physiological dormancy when freshly produced, and can form small persistent seed banks. If not controlled, S. faberi populations can cause severe yield reductions in corn and soybean crops. Several herbicides are available to provide chemical control; however, resistance to some modes of action, (ALS, ACCase, and Photosystem II) have been identified in Canada and the United States. Leaves and seeds of this species provide a food source to several species of mammals, birds, and insects.

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The Effects of Seasonal Timing of Disturbance on Species Composition in a First-Year Oldfield

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Vole disturbances and plant diversity in a grassland metacommunity

Vole disturbances and plant diversity in a grassland metacommunity

Weed dynamics as influenced by tillage system, sowing time and weed competition duration in dry-seeded rice

The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 141. Setaria faberi Herrm.

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