The effects of saltwater intrusion on germination success of standard and alternative crops

Reguera, Elizabeth de la; Veatch, Jacquelyn; Gedan, Keryn B.; Tully, Katherine L.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104254

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Moreover, with salinities beyond the tolerance limits of a plant species a complete inhibition of germination may occur. As confirmed by all genotypes of the medicinal species of the present study, the overall effect of the salt-induced osmotic and ionic stresses is a delay and depression in seed germination (De la Reguera et al, 2020;Dhima et al, 2021). This salt-induced delay and depression of germination was more serious in anise than in fennel and ajwain.…”

Section: Germinating Seeds Of Anise Are More Salt-sensitive Than Ajwa...supporting

confidence: 77%

“…The increasing global population has brought about agricultural malpractices (Khamesi et al, 2020), including the application of low-quality brackish irrigation water, particularly in the arid-semiarid climates. In arid regions such as the Middle East, irrigation of arable lands often aggravates salinization, because of evaporation of the groundwater that is naturally high in salts (De la Reguera et al, 2020). Therefore, water shortages and salinity stress related to the use of brackish groundwater for irrigation are prevalent in the arid and semi-arid zones (Ozturk et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saline water may reduce the seed's ability to absorb water (osmotic stress) and cause an ion imbalance in the seed (ionic stress), eventually disturbing germination and preventing uniform crop establishment (De la Reguera et al, 2020). However, information on the comparative germination behavior of the different medicinal plant species upon exposure to hostile environments is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fennel outperforms ajwain and anise in saline environment: physiological response mechanisms in germinating seeds and mature plants

2022

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The potential of different medicinal species as alternative crops for saline conditions needs to be explored. Comparative physiological responses of germinating seeds and mature plants of three genotypes of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), and ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) to salt were studied in a 2-year field experiment using 0 and 100 mcM, and a laboratory experiment using 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 mM NaCl. Catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities increased in the salt-stricken plants of all genotypes, but only peroxidase activity of the salt-treated plants of anise genotypes and two of the fennel genotypes increased under field conditions. Chlorophyll and K+ concentrations of all genotypes decreased, but proline and Na+ concentrations and Na+/K+ increased under saline conditions. Dry mass, grain yield, and essential oil yield decreased in the salt-exposed plants across all genotypes and species. Germination, root, and shoot length were suppressed upon exposure to saline water. Despite the increasing trend of the proline and polyphenol concentrations and catalase and peroxidases activities, ascorbate peroxidase activity of germinating seeds decreased with an increase in NaCl concentration. Smaller adverse effects of salt on fennel germination attributes, grain and essential oil yields were evident. Moreover, greater activities of antioxidative enzymes and maintained Na+ and Na+/K+ of salt-stricken fennel plants were observed. These findings indicate that germinating seeds and mature plants of fennel have a greater ability to withstand salinity than the other examined species.

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Section: Germinating Seeds Of Anise Are More Salt-sensitive Than Ajwa...supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fennel outperforms ajwain and anise in saline environment: physiological response mechanisms in germinating seeds and mature plants

2022

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“…G. max was previously demonstrated to decrease aboveground biomass, as well as leaf area, when exposed to salinity; this has been suggested as an adaptation to salt exposure by limiting transpiration and improving the plants' hydration [41]. Despite prior demonstrations of salt-tolerance adaptations within this species to contain salt ions in roots and stem tissue [56], and despite the election of a chloride-excluding variety of G. max, the species did not perform well in this experiment, nor in field trials using the same variety in salt-stressed fields [57]. Taken together, we recommend S. bicolor as a better crop selection for salt-affected coastal areas than G. max.…”

Section: Species-specific Plant Tolerance To Salinitymentioning

confidence: 58%

Distinguishing the Effects of Stress Intensity and Stress Duration in Plant Responses to Salinity

DiCara

Gedan

2023

Plants

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Species-specific variation in response to stress is a key driver of ecological patterns. As climate change alters stress regimes, coastal plants are experiencing intensifying salinity stress due to sea-level rise and more intense storms. This study investigates the variation in species’ responses to presses and pulses of salinity stress in five glycophytic and five halophytic species to determine whether salinity intensity, duration, or their interaction best explain patterns of survival and performance. In salinity stress exposure experiments, we manipulated the intensity and duration of salinity exposure to challenge species’ expected salinity tolerances. Salinity intensity best explained patterns of survival in glycophytic species, while the interaction between intensity and duration was a better predictor of survival in halophytic species. The interaction between intensity and duration also best explained biomass and chlorophyll production for all tested species. There was interspecific variability in the magnitude of the interactive effect of salinity intensity and duration, with some glycophytic species (Persicaria maculosa, Sorghum bicolor, and Glycine max) having a more pronounced, negative biomass response. For the majority of species, prolonged stress duration exacerbated the negative effect of salinity intensity on biomass. We also observed an unexpected, compensatory response in chlorophyll production in two species, Phragmites australis and Kosteletzkya virginica, for which the effect of salinity intensity on chlorophyll became more positive with increasing duration. We found the regression coefficient of salinity intensity versus biomass at the highest stress duration, i.e., as a press stressor, to be a useful indicator of salinity tolerance, for which species’ salinity-tolerance levels matched those in the literature. In conclusion, by measuring species-specific responses to stress exposure, we were able to visualize the independent and interactive effects of two components of a salinity stress regime, intensity, and duration, to reveal how species’ responses vary in magnitude and by tolerance class.

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“…It is well-known that salinity affects plant growth through low soil solution osmotic abilities and nutritional imbalances [ 131 ]. In cereals, it alters plant growth through ionic imbalances, oxidative alterations, metabolic regulations, nutritional disorders, membrane disorganization, and low cell differentiation rates in crops like rice [ 132 ], wheat [ 133 ], maize [ 116 ], and the chickpea [ 134 ].…”

Section: Abiotic Stresses and Their Impacts On Grain Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adaptation and Tolerance of Major Cereals and Legumes to Important Abiotic Stresses

Rane

Singh

Kumar

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Abiotic stresses, including drought, extreme temperatures, salinity, and waterlogging, are the major constraints in crop production. These abiotic stresses are likely to be amplified by climate change with varying temporal and spatial dimensions across the globe. The knowledge about the effects of abiotic stressors on major cereal and legume crops is essential for effective management in unfavorable agro-ecologies. These crops are critical components of cropping systems and the daily diets of millions across the globe. Major cereals like rice, wheat, and maize are highly vulnerable to abiotic stresses, while many grain legumes are grown in abiotic stress-prone areas. Despite extensive investigations, abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants is not fully understood. Current insights into the abiotic stress responses of plants have shown the potential to improve crop tolerance to abiotic stresses. Studies aimed at stress tolerance mechanisms have resulted in the elucidation of traits associated with tolerance in plants, in addition to the molecular control of stress-responsive genes. Some of these studies have paved the way for new opportunities to address the molecular basis of stress responses in plants and identify novel traits and associated genes for the genetic improvement of crop plants. The present review examines the responses of crops under abiotic stresses in terms of changes in morphology, physiology, and biochemistry, focusing on major cereals and legume crops. It also explores emerging opportunities to accelerate our efforts to identify desired traits and genes associated with stress tolerance.

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The effects of saltwater intrusion on germination success of standard and alternative crops

Cited by 17 publications

References 74 publications

Fennel outperforms ajwain and anise in saline environment: physiological response mechanisms in germinating seeds and mature plants

Fennel outperforms ajwain and anise in saline environment: physiological response mechanisms in germinating seeds and mature plants

Distinguishing the Effects of Stress Intensity and Stress Duration in Plant Responses to Salinity

The Adaptation and Tolerance of Major Cereals and Legumes to Important Abiotic Stresses

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