The Effects of Row Spacing and Plant Density on Yield and Yield Components of Peanut Grown as a Double Crop in Mediterranean Environment in Turkey

Abstract

This study was conducted at the Cukurova University research farm as a double crop in 2013 and 2014 in Adana, Turkey. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of row distance and plant density on yield and yield components of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) grown as a double crop. The experimental design was a split plot design with three replications. The Halisbey (Virginia type) variety was used as a plant material in this research. The row spacing was arranged 70 and 75 cm, and intra-row spacing of 5,10,15,20 and 25 cm was arranged for different plants population. According to a two-year average, the highest pods weight (97.57g plant -1 and 94.83 g plant -1 ) and pod number (96.4 pods plant -1 and 93.5 pods plant -1 ) per plant was obtained from 70 x 25 cm and 75 x 25 cm planting density, respectively. Pod number and pod weight per plant was increased when the plant density was decreased. Pod yield per hectare was increased when the plant density was increased. The highest pod yield (7511.9 kg ha -1 ) was obtained from 75x10 cm and the lowest (5171 kg ha -1 ) from 75x25 planting density according to a two-year average. As a result; optimum planting density was found 75x10 cm for Virginia market type varieties in double crop peanut production.

Estimation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield Per Harvest Area: Appropriate Methods

“…Also, it can be defined as the amount of harvest product per crop production area. Crop yield is expressed in kilograms (kg) or metric tons (t) of product per hectare (ha) [53]. Crop productivity per unit area is one of the essential indicators for agricultural development.…”

“…Diverse methods can be applied for yield estimation at the farmer level. Estimating crop production through farmer interviews involves farmer recall from previous harvests (quantify the yield of the previous harvest) and farmer prediction (estimate the current yield based on the previous harvest) [53]. Most often, farmers predict their yield based on the previous harvest.…”

Effect of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Variety and Plant Spacing on Grain and Fodder Yield

“…It is also in conformity with El Naim and Jabereldar [24] who observed that cowpea was influenced by sowing date intrarow spacing inoculation and nitrogen fertilization in the effect of plant density and cultivar on growth and yield of cowpea. Also the lack of varietal effect on the number of pods per plant contradicts earlier studies by Shambharkar, et al [25]; Onat, et al [14]; Dapaah, et al [26] and Sharma, et al [27] who reported varietal effect for number of pods per groundnut in a study to determine the responses of groundnut to plant spacing. Similar reports by Masenya [17] recorded significant varietal effect on number of pods per plant in evaluation of introduced cowpea lines.…”

“…Groundnut monocropping in wide rows has been reported to lead to lower yields as a result of the sub-optimum plant population densities thus encouraging under-utilization of resources [13]. Studies of [14] indicated the positive effects of 50 cm row spacing against 60 cm row spacing on seed and pod yields of groundnut. [15] also showed reduction in weed density in 30 cm apart rows of peanut (Arachis hypogea) as compared to the weed density at wider spacing.…”

Study the Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Plant Densities on the Productivity and Profitability of Peanut in Sandy Soil

“…In this concern, Onat et al (2017) demonstrated that the oil content was decreased when the plant space was reduced. It is important to mention that seed oil content had the same response to increase in peanut plant density from 70 to 105 thousand plants per fed which indicating some degree of resource complimentarily under sandy soil conditions.…”