The effects of rest intervals on jumping performance: A meta-analysis on post-activation potentiation studies

Abstract

The purpose of this meta-analytic review was to examine the extent and quality of research on the post-activation potentiation acute effect of rest interval manipulation on jumping performance. This manuscript adopted the recommendations from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement. Criteria eligibility included crossover, randomised, non-randomised and counterbalanced studies that observed the voluntary muscle action-induced post-activation potentiation on jumping performance. Fourteen studies selected by two independent raters were included in the analysis. The rest intervals involved ranges including 0-3, 4-7, 8-12 and ≥16 min. The results demonstrated medium effect sizes for rest intervals 0-3 and 8-12 min (-0.25, confidence interval (CI): -0.51 to 0.01 for 0-3 min; 0.24, CI: -0.02 to 0.49 for 8-12 min) and a small effect for other ranges (0.15, CI: -0.08 to 0.38 for 4-7 min; 0.07, CI: -0.21 to 0.24 for ≥16 min). There was no evidence of heterogeneity for sub-groups (I2 = 0%; P < 0.001) and no indication of publication bias (Egger's test, P = 0.179). While a rest interval of 0-3 min induced a detrimental effect on jump performance, the range including 8-12 min had a beneficial impact on jump height. Findings suggest that the rest interval manipulation seems to affect post-activation potentiation magnitude and jump height.

Can Different Conditioning Activities and Rest Intervals Affect the Acute Performance of Taekwondo Turning Kick?

“…The dependent variables were the maximal CMJ height, number of kicks, and maximal impact of kicks. These variables were chosen because they represent the athlete's muscular power performance and were used in other studies that investigated the PAP (11,14,27). A 90-minute rest interval was given between 2 experimental conditions conducted in same day and 48 hours between days ( Figure 1).…”

“…However, few studies have investigated the effect of different rest intervals by using independent experimental sessions (11,23,27), i.e., likely an additive effect took place in many studies. The exercises most used during conditioning activities are squats (moderate and heavy load), jumps, and the complex method (high-intensity exercise followed by plyometric exercises) (11,27).…”

Postactivation Potentiation of Sprint Acceleration Performance Using Plyometric Exercise

“…However, as the ability of a muscle group to produce force can be influenced by the contractile history of that given muscle group (25), modification of the warm-up to include conditioning contractions has been suggested (26). Post-activation potentiation (PAP), an acute and temporary enhancement of muscle performance as a result of its contractile history (34), elicits transient improvements in performance that exceed those attributable to warm-up alone (5,7,8,18,19,(25)(26)(27)36,38).…”

Effect of Hip Abduction Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction on Lumbar Motion and Power Output During the Back Squat

“…Thus, other practical strategies employing different volume parameters, contractions, and rest times should be investigated. Currently, a 7-12 minute recovery interval has been suggested to optimally enhance the potentiation response to exercise (Wilson et al, 2013, Gouvêa et al, 2013). In the current study, a 1-minute rest was allotted between the pre-conditioning contraction and the performance measure.…”

“…It is plausible that a greater rest period may be warranted to accommodate the fatigue theory associated with the potentiating mechanisms. Additionally, it has been suggested that the potentiation effect is more sensitive in experienced individuals (Wilson et al, 2013, Gouvêa et al, 2013, therefore MVIC protocols may be more applicable in elite, competitive strength/power athletes (e.g. powerlifters).…”