The effects of resistance training of swallowing muscles on dysphagia in older people: A cluster, randomized, controlled trial

Wakabayashi, Hidetaka; Matsushima, Masato; Momosaki, Ryo; Yoshida, Shuhei; Mutai, Rieko; Yodoshi, Toshifumi; Murayama, Shinichi; Hayashi, Tetsuro; Horiguchi, Ryoko; Ichikawa, Hiroko

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2017.11.009

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As a result, these patients gained approximately 10 kg, and their ADL and swallowing function improved. Furthermore, the interventional study showed that resistance training of the swallowing muscles tended to improve dysphagia due to sarcopenia more than dysphagia caused by other factors . These findings suggest that treatment for dysphagia due to sarcopenia requires both dysphagia rehabilitation, such as resistance training of the swallowing muscles, and nutritional support.…”

Section: Treatment Of Dysphagia Due To Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are three case reports and a single interventional study showing post‐treatment improvements in dysphagia due to sarcopenia (Table ). The characteristics common to these three case reports include elderly status, malnutrition, low independence of ADL, presence of disease (aspiration pneumonia or cancer) and severe dysphagia.…”

Section: Treatment Of Dysphagia Due To Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations

Fujishima¹,

Fujiu-Kurachi

Arai

et al. 2019

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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270

255

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This report was written by the Japanese Society of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition, the Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty, and the Society of Swallowing and Dysphagia of Japan to consolidate the currently available evidence on the topics of sarcopenia and dysphagia. Histologically, the swallowing muscles are of different embryological origin from somatic muscles, and receive constant input stimulation from the respiratory center. Although the swallowing muscles are striated, their characteristics are different from those of skeletal muscles. The swallowing muscles are inevitably affected by malnutrition and disuse; accumulating evidence is available regarding the influence of malnutrition on the swallowing muscles. Sarcopenic dysphagia is defined as dysphagia caused by sarcopenia of the whole body and swallowing‐related muscles. When sarcopenia does not exist in the entire body, the term “sarcopenic dysphagia” should not be used. Additionally, sarcopenia due to neuromuscular diseases should be excluded; however, aging and secondary sarcopenia after inactivity, malnutrition and disease (wasting disorder and cachexia) are included in sarcopenic dysphagia. The treatment of dysphagia due to sarcopenia requires both dysphagia rehabilitation, such as resistance training of the swallowing muscles and nutritional intervention. However, the fundamental issue of how dysphagia caused by sarcopenia of the swallowing muscles should be diagnosed remains unresolved. Furthermore, whether dysphagia can be caused by primary sarcopenia should be clarified. Additionally, more discussion is required on issues such as the relationship between dysphagia and secondary sarcopenia, as well as the diagnostic criteria and means for diagnosing dysphagia caused by sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 91–97.

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Section: Treatment Of Dysphagia Due To Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Of Dysphagia Due To Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations

Fujishima¹,

Fujiu-Kurachi

Arai

et al. 2019

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

Self Cite

270

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…11,12 Thus, theoretically, these treatment measures may potentially be effective for sarcopenic dysphagia. Indeed, several case reports [13][14][15] and a single interventional study 16 reported preferable effects of certain treatment measures, including nutritional support and resistance training of the swallowing muscles, on sarcopenic dysphagia. However, at present, there is little evidence that whole-body exercise itself improves post-stroke dysphagia, which might include sarcopenic dysphagia to some extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chair‐stand exercise improves post‐stroke dysphagia

Yoshimura¹,

Wakabayashi

Nagano³

et al. 2020

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim: To elucidate the effects of whole-body exercise on clinical outcomes, including dysphagia status, between stroke patients with dysphagia who are undergoing convalescent rehabilitation. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with post-stroke dysphagia in a rehabilitation hospital in Japan between 2016 and 2018. Dysphagia was defined as a Food Intake Level Scale (FILS) score <7. Participants were asked to perform a repeated chair-stand exercise as a whole-body exercise in addition to the convalescence rehabilitation program. Study outcomes included the FILS score and presence of dysphagia at discharge, the Functional Independence Measure-motor (FIM-motor) score and length of stay. Multivariate analyses were used to determine whether the frequency of daily chair-stand exercise was independently associated with study outcomes, after adjusting for potential confounders; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 637 patients admitted, 148 stroke patients with dysphagia (mean age 72.7 years; 48.6% men) were included in the final analysis dataset. The median daily frequency of repeated chair-stand exercise was 36 (12-65). In multivariate analyses, the frequency of chair-stand exercise was independently associated with the FILS score at discharge (β = 0.231, P = 0.015), the presence of dysphagia at discharge (odds ratio: 0.982, P = 0.035), FIM-motor at discharge (β = 0.205, P = 0.008) and its gain (β = 0.237, P = 0.013), and length of hospital stay (β = −0.042, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Chair-stand exercise is associated with preferable clinical outcomes, including dysphagia status, activities of daily living and length of hospital stay, in stroke patients with dysphagia. Post-stroke dysphagia rehabilitation should include whole-body exercises in addition to conventional rehabilitation programs.

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“…Currently, no established method discusses the prevention or treatment of sarcopenic dysphagia. There are several case reports [9,10,34] and a single interventional study [35] reporting improvement with the treatment of sarcopenic dysphagia. A multimodal approach, including active nutritional therapy and resistance training of the lower extremities, as well as swallowing training and dietary form adjustments, may be effective in the management of sarcopenic dysphagia [34,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Sarcopenic Dysphagia with Underlying Sarcopenia Following Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Women

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate the association between the development of dysphagia in patients with underlying sarcopenia and the prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia in older patients following surgical treatment for hip fracture. Older female patients with hip fractures (n = 89) were studied. The data of skeletal muscle mass, hand-grip strength, and nutritional status were examined. The development of dysphagia postoperatively was graded using the Food Oral Intake Scale by a certified nurse in dysphagia nursing. The patients’ mean age was 85.9 ± 6.5 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 76.4% at baseline. Of the 89 patients, 11 (12.3%) and 12 (13.5%) had dysphagia by day 7 of hospitalization and at discharge, respectively. All patients who developed dysphagia had underlying sarcopenia. Lower skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (<4.7 kg/m2) and grip strength (<8 kg) at baseline indicated a higher incidence of dysphagia on day 7 (p = 0.003 and Phi = 0.391) and at discharge (p = 0.001 and Phi = 0.448). Dysphagia developed after hip fracture surgery could be sarcopenic dysphagia, and worsening sarcopenia was a risk factor for dysphagia following hip fracture surgery. Clinicians and medical coworkers should become more aware of the risks of sarcopenic dysphagia. Early detection and preventive interventions for dysphagia should be emphasized.

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The effects of resistance training of swallowing muscles on dysphagia in older people: A cluster, randomized, controlled trial

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations

Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations

Chair‐stand exercise improves post‐stroke dysphagia

Association of Sarcopenic Dysphagia with Underlying Sarcopenia Following Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Women

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