The effects of resistance training on muscular strength and hypertrophy in elderly cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lee, Junghoon

doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2021.02.002

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Accordingly, a systematic review by Stene et al showed that in patients with cancer, both aerobic and resistance ET, and a combination of these, improved upper and lower muscle strength compared to usual care [251]. Another more recent metaanalysis confirmed that muscle strength can be increased by resistance training in older patients with cancer, although muscle mass was not increased [252].…”

Section: Exercise Enhances Muscle Mass and Strength In The Context Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise—A Panacea of Metabolic Dysregulation in Cancer: Physiological and Molecular Insights

Raun

Buch-Larsen

Schwarz

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Metabolic dysfunction is a comorbidity of many types of cancers. Disruption of glucose metabolism is of concern, as it is associated with higher cancer recurrence rates and reduced survival. Current evidence suggests many health benefits from exercise during and after cancer treatment, yet only a limited number of studies have addressed the effect of exercise on cancer-associated disruption of metabolism. In this review, we draw on studies in cells, rodents, and humans to describe the metabolic dysfunctions observed in cancer and the tissues involved. We discuss how the known effects of acute exercise and exercise training observed in healthy subjects could have a positive outcome on mechanisms in people with cancer, namely: insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and cachexia. Finally, we compile the current limited knowledge of how exercise corrects metabolic control in cancer and identify unanswered questions for future research.

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Section: Exercise Enhances Muscle Mass and Strength In The Context Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise—A Panacea of Metabolic Dysregulation in Cancer: Physiological and Molecular Insights

Raun

Buch-Larsen

Schwarz

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The scores were not reported for each original study, but the number of studies with low risk of each type of bias is reported. Hackshaw-McGeagh et al, 2015;Hasenoehrl et al, 2015;Keogh & MacLeod, 2012;Lee, 2021a;Lee, 2021b;Lopez et al, 2021;Mikkelsen et al, 2020;Mohamad et al, 2015;Vashistha et al, 2016).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four of the six reviews examining muscular strength concluded that PA led to increased strength (Gardner et al, 2014;Lee, 2021a;Lee, 2021b;Lopez et al, 2021), whilst Hasenoehrl et al (2015) reported mixed findings, that is, four of 11 primary papers examining the impact of PA on strength concluded improved strength in the intervention group compared to control. Likewise, five of eight primary papers reviewed by Keogh and MacLeod (2012) (2020) reported mixed findings (two of four primary studies found a statistically significant increase in functional performance in the intervention group compared to the control group).…”

Section: Patient Outcomes: Physicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keogh & MacLeod, 2012;Lopez et al, 2021;Mohamad et al, 2015;Vashistha et al, 2016). Three reviews included 26 different primary papers and involved 1802 participants (33% of total number of participants) diagnosed with one of the following cancers: multiple myeloma, leukaemia, lymphoma, breast, lung, prostate or gastrointestinal cancer(Forbes et al, 2020;Lee, 2021b;Mikkelsen et al, 2020). The remaining two reviews involved 11 different primary papers and included 456 individuals with lung cancer (8.4% of total number of participants)(Cavalheri & Granger, 2017;Lee, 2021a).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Physical activity interventions in older people with cancer: A review of systematic reviews

Knowles

Kemp

Miller

et al. 2022

European J Cancer Care

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Introduction Whilst there has been a wealth of research on benefits of physical activity (PA) in people with cancer, with three published reviews of reviews, no review of reviews has focused on older adults (65 years or older) who may have unique biological characteristics and barriers. We summarised PA effectiveness from reviews where majority of study participants were 65 years or older. Methods Six databases were searched for systematic reviews of randomised controlled studies (RCTs)/quasi‐RCTs examining any type of PA in reviews where majority of study participants were aged 65 years or older. Two reviewers conducted the search and analysis according to PRISMA and JBI guidelines. Results Fifteen reviews involving 76 different primary studies (5404 participants) were included. The majority (3827; 71%) had prostate cancer. PA was associated with benefits across multiple physical outcomes (muscle mass, functional performance, strength), improved fatigue and health service outcomes. In contrast to younger adults, there was no improvement in anxiety and mixed findings for quality of life and depression. Conclusion PA is associated with multiple benefits in older adults with cancer, with some differences compared to younger individuals which may reflect biological or behavioural determinants. Future research should focus on mechanisms underlying PA effectiveness and underrepresented populations.

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“…Additionally, fat mass is more commonly a primary outcome of interest in combined physical activity (e.g., meeting physical activity guidelines) and dietary studies [97,98]. Overall, there is generally a lack of evidence on body composition outcomes other than ADT settings, and the findings are not consistent and heavily depend on the modes and intensities of exercise [86,99].…”

Section: Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting and Exercise in Oncology: Potential Synergism of Combined Interventions

et al. 2021

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Nutrition and exercise interventions are strongly recommended for most cancer patients; however, much debate exists about the best prescription. Combining fasting with exercise is relatively untouched within the oncology setting. Separately, fasting has demonstrated reductions in chemotherapy-related side effects and improved treatment tolerability and effectiveness. Emerging evidence suggests fasting may have a protective effect on healthy cells allowing chemotherapy to exclusively target cancer cells. Exercise is commonly recommended and attenuates treatment- and cancer-related adverse changes to body composition, quality of life, and physical function. Given their independent benefits, in combination, fasting and exercise may induce synergistic effects and further improve cancer-related outcomes. In this narrative review, we provide a critical appraisal of the current evidence of fasting and exercise as independent interventions in the cancer population and discuss the potential benefits and mechanisms of combined fasting and exercise on cardiometabolic, body composition, patient-reported outcomes, and cancer-related outcomes. Our findings suggest that within the non-cancer population combined fasting and exercise is a viable strategy to improve health-related outcomes, however, its safety and efficacy in the oncology setting remain unknown. Therefore, we also provide a discussion on potential safety issues and considerations for future research in the growing cancer population.

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The effects of resistance training on muscular strength and hypertrophy in elderly cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Exercise—A Panacea of Metabolic Dysregulation in Cancer: Physiological and Molecular Insights

Exercise—A Panacea of Metabolic Dysregulation in Cancer: Physiological and Molecular Insights

Physical activity interventions in older people with cancer: A review of systematic reviews

Fasting and Exercise in Oncology: Potential Synergism of Combined Interventions

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