The Effects of Residential Segregation and Neighborhood Characteristics on Surgery and Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Johnson, Asal M.; Johnson, A. C.; Hines, Rebecca; Bayakly, Rana

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1126

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…While this finding may seem surprising, the relationship between residential segregation and Black cancer outcomes remains unclear. Some studies have found detrimental outcomes (as we did for urban locales) [22][23], while others have shown protective effects (as we did for rural locales) [18,26,38], and others have reported non-association [19,21,[39][40]. It is clear that the interaction of rurality and race, especially in segregated communities, deserves additional exploration in health research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…In highly-segregated areas, some studies report lower breast cancer and all-cause mortality for Black but not White women [18], higher breast cancer mortality for Black but not White women [19], and no associations between segregation and Black female breast cancer mortality [20][21] or survival [20]. For lung cancer, segregation has been linked to higher mortality rates for Black residents, but for White residents living in segregated areas, this association is either lower [22] or non-existent [23]. Given that the evidence on the effect of segregation on cancer outcomes is inconclusive, further investigation is needed to better understand these associations to assess allocation of resources and education for underserved and disparate populations in segregated areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Racial Residential Segregation and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the Mississippi Delta Region

Kruse-Diehr

McDaniel

Lewis‐Thames³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Few studies have examined the effects of segregation on colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes, and none has determined if rurality moderates the effect of segregation on CRC mortality. We examined whether the effect of segregation on CRC mortality was moderated by rurality in the Mississippi Delta Region, an economically distressed and historically segregated region of the United States. Methods Using data from the US Census Bureau and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, we estimated linear mixed-effects models with state-level random effects in which Black and White CRC mortality rates in Delta Region counties (N = 252) were regressed on county rurality, White-Black residential segregation indices, an interaction term for these two variables, and a vector of socioeconomic control variables. Missing data were replaced with values generated via random forest imputation. Results Segregation was a risk factor for Black CRC mortality in urban Delta counties but was associated with lower Black CRC mortality in rural counties (B = − 23.30 [95% CI = − 38.51, − 7.92]). For Whites, living in a rural area did not moderate the relationship between segregation and CRC mortality, though White CRC mortality was inversely associated with White population proportion (B = − 7.12 [95% CI = − 10.66, − 3.43]). Conclusions Health outcomes related to segregation vary by racial, contextual and community factors. We give possible explanations for our findings and provide implications for practice and recommendations for further research to better understand the CRC mortality burden in segregated communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Residential Segregation and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the Mississippi Delta Region

Kruse-Diehr

McDaniel

Lewis‐Thames³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…12,50 Finally, in two lung cancer studies, higher segregation was associated with greater mortality among Blacks, but not Whites. 51,52 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52,56 Finally, in 2 lung cancer studies, higher segregation was associated with greater mortality among blacks, but not among whites. 44,53 Findings are less consistent across the 11 studies that examined Hispanic ethnic density. Three studies included measures of residential segregation; of these, 2 used the location quotient and identified a positive association between Hispanic segregation and greater breast cancerspecific or overall mortality.…”

Section: Survival or Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Ethnic density and cancer: A review of the evidence

Fang

Tseng

2018

Cancer

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Accumulating data suggest that factors in the social environment may be associated with cancer-related outcomes. Ethnic density, defined as the proportion of racial/ethnic minority individuals residing in a given geographic area, is 1 of the most frequently studied social environment factors, but studies on ethnic density and cancer have yielded inconsistent findings. Thus, the objective of the current review was to summarize the extant data on ethnic density and cancer-related outcomes (cancer risk, stage at diagnosis, and mortality) with the aim of identifying pathways by which ethnic density may contribute to outcomes across populations. In general, the findings indicated an association between ethnic density and increased risk for cancers of infectious origin (eg, liver, cervical) but lower risk for breast and colorectal cancers, particularly among Hispanic and Asian Americans. Hispanic ethnic density was associated with greater odds of late-stage cancer diagnosis, whereas black ethnic density was associated with greater mortality. In addition, this review highlights several methodological and conceptual issues surrounding the measurement of ethnic neighborhoods and their available resources. Clarifying the role of neighborhood ethnic density is critical to developing a greater understanding of the health risks and benefits accompanying these environments and how they may affect racial and ethnic disparities in cancer-related outcomes. Cancer 2018;124:1877-903. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

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“…In this article (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25:750-8), which appeared in the May 2016 issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention (1), the authors regret that the variable "Age at Diagnosis" in Table 1 had been labeled incorrectly. "Age at Diagnosis" has changed from " 30-50; 51-64; 65-85" to "30-64; 65-74; 75-85.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correction: The Effects of Residential Segregation and Neighborhood Characteristics on Surgery and Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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The Effects of Residential Segregation and Neighborhood Characteristics on Surgery and Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Cited by 36 publications

References 52 publications

Racial Residential Segregation and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the Mississippi Delta Region

Racial Residential Segregation and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in the Mississippi Delta Region

Ethnic density and cancer: A review of the evidence

Correction: The Effects of Residential Segregation and Neighborhood Characteristics on Surgery and Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

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