The Effects of Repetitive Electric Cardiac Stimulation in Dogs With Normal Hearts, Complete Heart Block and Experimental Cardiac Arrest

Starzl, TE; Gaertner, Robert A.; Webb, Roscoe C.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.11.6.952

Cited by 73 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Xo detrimental effect on the performance of the heart has been found with this preparation. 3 The left circumflex coronary artery, or in some cases the main left coronary artery, was dissected free. The circumflex was eannulated directly and the main left coronary was eannulated with a specially designed brass cannula which was inserted into the subelavian artery and tied into the coronary ostium by a suture previously placed around the left coronary artery.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heart Rate and Intracoronary Isoproterenol, Levarterenol, and Epinephrine on Coronary Flow and Resistance

Lewis

Coffman

Gregg

1961

Circulation Research

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The effect was determined of changes in heart rate and of intracoronary isoproterenol, levarterenol, and epinephrine on coronary flow in the stopped and beating heart. It was possible by this means to estimate the relative action of these variables on the extravascular and intravascular resistance of the coronary bed in a heart perfused at constant pressure. As heart rate was increased extravascular resistance rose, but intravascular resistance fell to a greater extent indicating a fall in net coronary resistance. Isoproterenol had the greatest and epinephrine the least effect in decreasing the total coronary resistance. The three drugs tested caused only a small fall in extravascular resistance. Since the effect was small, it was concluded that extravascular resistance can be ignored in determining the direct effect of these drugs upon the coronary vasculature.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heart Rate and Intracoronary Isoproterenol, Levarterenol, and Epinephrine on Coronary Flow and Resistance

Lewis

Coffman

Gregg

1961

Circulation Research

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“…Most biomedical stimulation devices consumed their embedded battery power providing such functional electrical stimulations for particular muscles and nerves generally 101. To solve the energy limitation of electrical medical devices that the flexible PENGs and TENGs generate electric power and supply a functional electrical puls to stimulate muscles and nerves is of prime importance.…”

Section: Recent Progress In Biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Energy Harvesters in Biomedical Systems

et al. 2017

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Implantable medical devices (IMDs) have become indispensable medical tools for improving the quality of life and prolonging the patient's lifespan. The minimization and extension of lifetime are main challenges for the development of IMDs. Current innovative research on this topic is focused on internal charging using the energy generated by the physiological environment or natural body activity. To harvest biomechanical energy efficiently, piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvesters with sophisticated structural and material design have been developed. Energy from body movement, muscle contraction/relaxation, cardiac/lung motions, and blood circulation is captured and used for powering medical devices. Other recent progress in this field includes using PENGs and TENGs for our cognition of the biological processes by biological pressure/strain sensing, or direct intervention of them for some special self‐powered treatments. Future opportunities lie in the fabrication of intelligent, flexible, stretchable, and/or fully biodegradable self‐powered medical systems for monitoring biological signals and treatment of various diseases in vitro and in vivo.

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“…This increase was larger when the idioventricular rhythm was lower. 83 In the early years of pacing, the electrical stimulus was selectively applied to the ventricle (ventricular single chamber pacing, V pacing). Doing so the contraction of atria and ventricles is uncoupled, leading to an atrial contribution to LV filling, which varies from beat-to-beat.…”

Section: Influence Of Pacing Rate and Av Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation Between the Pacing Induced Sequence of Activation and Left Ventricular Pump Function in Animals

Prinzen

Peschar

2002

Pacing Clinical Electrophis

248

195

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The main goal of this article was to review animal experimental work on the effect of asynchronous activation on ventricular pump function. During normal sinus rhythm and atrial pacing, the Purkinje system contributes significantly to the rapid electrical activation of the ventricles. In contrast, during ventricular pacing the impulse is almost exclusively conducted through the normal myocardium. As a consequence, electrical activation of the ventricles becomes asynchronous and has an abnormal sequence. The abnormal impulse conduction causes considerable disturbances to occur in regional systolic fiber shortening, mechanical work, blood flow, and oxygen consumption; low values occurring in early activated regions and values above normal being present in late activated regions. Many animal studies have now shown that the abnormal electrical activation, induced by ventricular pacing, leads to a depression of systolic and diastolic LV function. Pacing at the right ventricular apex (the conventional pacing site) reduces LV function more than pacing at the high ventricular septum or at LV sites. In canine hearts with experimental LBBB, LV pacing significantly improves LV pump function. Differences in LV pump function between (combinations of) pacing sites are poorly correlated with QRS duration. Therefore, the cause of the depression of LV function during abnormal electrical activation appears to be a combination of the asynchrony and the sequence of activation. These experimental findings justify continuing attention for optimizing the site(s) of ventricular pacing in patients with normal and abnormal ventricular impulse conduction.

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The Effects of Repetitive Electric Cardiac Stimulation in Dogs With Normal Hearts, Complete Heart Block and Experimental Cardiac Arrest

Cited by 73 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Heart Rate and Intracoronary Isoproterenol, Levarterenol, and Epinephrine on Coronary Flow and Resistance

Effect of Heart Rate and Intracoronary Isoproterenol, Levarterenol, and Epinephrine on Coronary Flow and Resistance

Recent Progress on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Energy Harvesters in Biomedical Systems

Relation Between the Pacing Induced Sequence of Activation and Left Ventricular Pump Function in Animals

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