The effects of Ramadan fasting on endothelial function in patients with cardiovascular diseases

Yousefi, Bahman; Faghfoori, Zeinab; Samadi, Nasser; Karami, Hadi; Ahmadi, Yasin; Badalzadeh, Reza; Shafiei‐Irannejad, Vahid; Majidinia, Maryam; Ghavimi, Hamed; Jabbarpour, M

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.61

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This may explain the different time courses of changes in the responses to skin vasodilation in our study, which were significant for the Fasting and Post-fasting session for the less NO-dependent Ach response, but achieved significance during the Fasting only for the more NO-dependent thermal response [37,38]. There are also reasons to believe that intermittent fasting had a global favorable effect on vascular function [13,18,23,41], because fasting increased the endothelial-independent vasodilation in response to SNP. Thus not only did fasting increase NO generation, but it also enhanced smooth muscle sensitivity to a NO donor.…”

Section: Microvascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Lessened reactive oxidative species could plausibly cause a rise in nitric oxide (NO) levels and thereby improve endothelial function [22]. This was suggested by a previous uncontrolled study, where recurrent intermittent fasting for more than 25 days in cardiovascular disease patients increased serum NO, while serum asymmetric dimethylarginine, the naturally occurring endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase, decreased [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does Intermittent Fasting Improve Microvascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Middle-aged Subjects?

Esmaeilzadeh¹,

Borne²

2016

Biol Med (Aligarh)

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Background: Reduced endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability, a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction, is commonly encountered in cardiovascular diseases. Intermittent fasting reduces serum markers of oxidative stress, while nitric oxide levels may rise. Whether this translates into persistent improvements in endothelial function is unknown. The aim of the study was to address the effects of intermittent «Ramadan-type» fasting on endothelial function, nitric oxide bioavailability, biological parameters and blood pressure.

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Section: Microvascular Functionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Intermittent Fasting Improve Microvascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Middle-aged Subjects?

Esmaeilzadeh¹,

Borne²

2016

Biol Med (Aligarh)

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“…Other anti-atherogenic impacts for RDIF include: significant improvements in blood coagulation parameters (125) , along with significant reductions in total cholesterol (84,85,95,107) , very LDL (57,58,61,125) , LDL:HDL and cholesterol:HDL ratios (123,126) and atherogenic index ((total cholesterol -HDL-cholesterol)/HDLcholesterol) (43) . RDIF was also shown to improve endothelial function (127) by increasing nitric oxide production (important for normal endothelium) (128) and improving the heat shock protein HSP70, which has been shown to possess atheroprotective and endothelial-improving effects (126) . Interestingly, the RDIFinduced cardioprotective effect extended for about 1 month after Ramadan month cessation (27,124) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting on the metabolic syndrome components in healthy, non-athletic Muslim people aged over 15 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Studies on the impact of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDIF) on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) components among healthy Muslims observing Ramadan month have yielded contradictory results. This comprehensive meta-analysis aimed to obtain a more stable estimate of the effect size of fasting during Ramadan on the MetS components, examine variability among studies, assess the generalisability of reported results and perform subgroup analyses for associated factors. We searched the CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest Medical, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published from 1950 to March 2019. The MetS components analysed were: waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma/serum glucose (FG), TAG, and HDL-cholesterol. We identified eighty-five studies (4326 participants in total) that were conducted in twenty-three countries between 1982 and 2019. RDIF-induced effect sizes for the MetS components were: small reductions in WC (no. of studies K = 24, N 1557, Hedges’ g = −0·312, 95 % CI −0·387, −0·236), SBP (K = 22, N 1172, Hedges’ g = −0·239, 95 % CI −0·372, −0·106), FG (K = 51, N 2318, Hedges’ g = −0·101, 95 % CI −0·260, 0·004) and TAG (K = 63, N 2862, Hedges’ g = −0·088, 95 % CI −0·171, −0·004) and a small increase in HDL-cholesterol (K = 57, N 2771, Hedges’ g = 0·150, 95 % CI 0·064, 0·236). We concluded that among healthy people, RDIF shows small improvement in the five MetS components: WC, SBP, TAG, FG and HDL.

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“…Moreover, diurnal intermittent fasting (DIF) was found to increase orexin-A plasma levels during fasting hours [13] while Ramadan fasting, which resembles DIF, led to beneficial effects on endothelial function through modulating serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels [14]; the above findings strengthen the hypothesis that the pattern of orexin-A secretion could be involved in the atherogenesis process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, specific feeding patterns such as breast feeding in infants as well as diurnal intermittent fasting, which are characterized by a periodic increase in orexin-A plasma concentration, have been linked with beneficial effects on the atherogenesis process [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orexin-A Exerts Equivocal Role in Atherosclerosis Process Depending on the Duration of Exposure: In Vitro Study

et al. 2019

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Orexin-A is a peptide hormone that plays a crucial role in feeding regulation and energy homeostasis. Diurnal intermittent fasting (DIF) has been found to increase orexin-A plasma levels during fasting hours, while Ramadan fasting which resembles DIF, has led to beneficial effects on endothelial function. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of orexin-A on the expression of molecules involved in the atherogenesis process: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and 2 (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2), in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). HAECs were incubated with orexin-A at concentrations of 40 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL and 400 ng/mL for 6, 12 and 24 h. The mRNA levels of MCP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 and orexin-1 receptor were measured by real-time qPCR. We also evaluated the MMP-2, p38, phospho-p38, NF-κΒ/p65 as well as TIMP-1 protein levels by Western blot and ELISA, respectively. MMP-2 activity was measured by gelatin zymography. Short-term 6-h incubation of HAECs with orexin-A at a high concentration (400 ng/mL) decreased MCP-1, MMP-2 expression, MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio (p < 0.05), and MMP-2 activity, while incubation for 24 h increased MCP-1, MMP-2 expression (p < 0.05), MMP-2/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) as well as MMP-2 activity. The dual effects of orexin-A are mediated, at least in part, via regulation of p38 and NF-κΒ pathway. Orexin-A may have an equivocal role in atherosclerosis process with its effects depending on the duration of exposure.

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The effects of Ramadan fasting on endothelial function in patients with cardiovascular diseases

Abstract: Ramadan fasting may have beneficial effects on endothelial function and can modulate cardiovascular risks. Further studies are needed to confirm the clinical significance of Ramadan fasting on cardiovascular health.

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Does Intermittent Fasting Improve Microvascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Middle-aged Subjects?

Does Intermittent Fasting Improve Microvascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Middle-aged Subjects?

Impact of Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting on the metabolic syndrome components in healthy, non-athletic Muslim people aged over 15 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Orexin-A Exerts Equivocal Role in Atherosclerosis Process Depending on the Duration of Exposure: In Vitro Study

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