The Effects of Radix Astragali Water Abstract on Energy Metabolism in Rat Yang‐Deficiency Cold Syndrome Model through PPAR Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Radix Astragali (RA) herb with warm property and significant “tonifying qi” effects is indicated for the syndrome of internal cold due to Yang deficiency. The purpose of this research was to explore effects of Radix Astragali (RA) through PPAR signaling pathway on gene expression profiles related to energy metabolism in rats with the Yang-deficiency cold (YDC) syndrome, for identifying the pathological mechanism of Yang-deficiency cold (YDC) syndrome and the effects mechanism of RA. The results indicated that RA could significantly increase body weight (BM), cold and heat tendency (CT), overall temperature (OT), rectum temperature (RT), toe temperature (TT), energy intake (EI), and V(O2)/V(CO2) ratio (which indicates basal metabolism, BM) (P<0.05), enhancing the depressed metabolic function in YDC syndrome model rat. Our data also indicated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to energy metabolism involving lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids metabolic process; the expression of CPT-1 and FABP4 (ap2) was improved; PPAR, Glycolysis, Wnt, cAMP, MAPK, AMPK, and fatty acid degradation signaling pathway may be related to energy metabolism. However, the Chinese herbal medicine RA plays a certain role in promoting the metabolism of substances and energy in rats by its warming and beneficial effect. Our results suggest that the mechanism underlying the function of RA may take effect through the regulation of PPAR signaling pathway and related gene expression. Lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids metabolic process may be affected to adjust the reduced metabolic function in the model animals. In general, results indicate that RA could promote energy metabolism in rats with the YDC syndrome via PPAR signaling pathway regulating the expression of CPT-1 and FABP4 (ap2), which reflected the warm and qi tonifying properties of RA.

Microalgae Bioactive Carbohydrates as a Novel Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Source of Prebiotics: Emerging Health Functionality and Recent Technologies for Extraction and Detection

“…In addition, many studies have reported that microalgae have high antiradical activity coming from their unique chemical structure (2). Furthermore, scientists are trying to find instant and non-invasive techniques to explore the scientific principles of microalgae phytochemicals' functional principles, especially bioactive macromolecules and micromolcules (3). These phytochemicals increase the media antioxidant, anticancer, and other physicochemical potentials (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics on Astragali Radix: Implications for Astragali Radix as a Personalized Medicine

“…Hsiao. As a highly potent herb widely used to treat various diseases, AR has played an indispensable role in healthcare throughout Chinese history [1,2]. Traditionally, AR is used for the treatment of anemia, weakness, fever, wounds, chronic fatigue, multiple allergies, loss of appetite, uterine bleeding and uterine prolapse [3,4,5].…”

Differentiation of Yin, Yang and Stasis Syndromes in Severe Aplastic Anemia Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Their Correlation with Iron Metabolism, cAMP/cGMP, 17-OH-CS and Thyroxine

“…To better understanding the material basis of TCM syndrome, many studies have disclosed the correlation of syndrome differentiation with objective indicators, including endocrine hormone (adrenocorticosteroids, thyroid hormones, prostaglandins), plasma cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP, and their dynamic balance), as well as energy metabolism situation, 14,15 which have been applied as the evaluation index for TCM treatment. 16,17 However, TCM syndrome is complex, and the syndrome evolution is not always clear. During the HSCT, we found that the changing of TCM syndrome occurred much more rapidly, and the deviation of "Yin" and "Yang" were more obvious, thus suggesting that HSCT can also be an ideal disease model for observing TCM syndrome evolution and verifying the material basis of "Yin", "Yang", as well as "blood stasis" syndrome in our AA patients.…”