The effects of prosthetic status and dementia on the chewing efficiency of seniors in nursing homes

Klotz, Anna-Luisa; Ehret, Judith; Zajac, Melania; Schwindling, Franz Sebastian; Hassel, Alexander J.; Rammelsberg, Peter; Zenthöfer, Andreas

doi:10.1111/joor.12912

Cited by 21 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Therefore, it can be hypothesised that, despite the tooth loss and absence of dentures, the volunteers may have used the remaining teeth to chew, 29 which may explain the intermediate masticatory performance. By comparing the results of this study with a previous investigation, we observed that our participants had a better masticatory performance (lower VOH) than the participants of a German report 5 (VOH mean ± SD=0.590 ± 0.250).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Masticatory function in nursing home residents: Correlation with the nutritional status and oral health–related quality of life

Medeiros

Pinheiro

Figueredo

et al. 2020

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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Background: Masticatory function of institutionalised elders and its relationship with nutrition and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) are unknown. Objectives: This multicentre cross-sectional study evaluated the influence of the presence of teeth and dentures on masticatory function (masticatory performance and swallowing threshold) in institutionalised elders. Correlation of masticatory function with nutrition and OHRQoL was also verified. Methods: Older adults (n = 344; mean age (SD) = 77.70 (9.10)), selected from nursing homes in two Brazilian cities, were classified as edentulous with or without complete dentures (CDs), and partially dentate with or without prosthesis. Masticatory performance was assessed using a two-colour chewing gum. Swallowing threshold was set by the number of chewing cycles performed until swallowing 3.7 g of peanuts. Nutrition was screened by Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and body composition. OHRQoL was evaluated through Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's correlation were used (α = 0.05). Results: Edentulous elders without CDs had lower masticatory performance than those with CDs and partially dentate with or without prosthesis (P < .05). Swallowing threshold of edentulous elders with CDs and partially dentate with prosthesis was greater than edentulous elders without CDs and partially dentate without prosthesis (P < .05). Masticatory function was not correlated with nutrition. Masticatory performance was correlated (P < .05) with GOHAI (r 2 = −.154) and swallowing threshold with GOHAI (r 2 = .162) and OHIP-14 (r 2 = −.146). Conclusion: The absence of teeth and dentures negatively affected the masticatory function. Although the masticatory function was not correlated with institutionalised elders' nutrition, their OHRQoL was negatively impacted.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…3,4 Tooth loss, when not replaced by dentures, compromises mastication. 5,6 Considering that chewing and swallowing are the first stages of food digestion, 7 edentulism 8 and the absence of prosthetic rehabilitation 9 may affect food and nutrient intake. Consequently, the nutritional status of the elders could be affected by such factors.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masticatory function in nursing home residents: Correlation with the nutritional status and oral health–related quality of life

Medeiros

Pinheiro

Figueredo

et al. 2020

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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“…Scores could therefore range from 0 to 30 points. As recommended in several previous studies, participants attaining scores of fewer than 24 classified as having cognitive impairment. [25][26][27][28] All examinations were performed by two dentists who had been trained at the Memory Clinic of the University of Heidelberg before the start of the study.…”

Section: Sociodemographic Variables and Cognitive Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it has been determined that the type of prosthetic restoration also has an effect on chewing efficiency of adults and seniors. 23,24 However, only limited information is available regarding the chewing efficiency of nursing-home residents. Furthermore, to the best of the authors' knowledge, no study has investigated the effect of chewing efficiency on the OHRQoL of nursing-home residents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Effects of Dental Status and Chewing Efficiency on the Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life of Nursing-Home Residents</p>

Zenthöfer¹,

Ehret²,

Zajac³

et al. 2020

CIA

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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dental status and chewing efficiency on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of nursing-home residents. Materials and Methods The study was conducted in nine nursing homes. All eligible participants were included, and general and medical data, information about nutritional status and their dental and prosthetic status were collected. Chewing efficiency was assessed by means of a two-colour mixing-ability test. The simple count version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (SC-GOHAI) was used to evaluate participants’ OHRQoL, and the Mini-Mental State Examination to classify the presence of cognitive impairment. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to analyse data. Results The mean age of the participants was 82.1 (± 9.8) years and most participants suffered from at least very mild cognitive impairment. OHRQoL for all participants ( n = 143) and denture wearers only ( n = 105) was substantially associated with the type of prosthesis, the presence of natural teeth, the number of functional occluding pairs and dental and denture-related (if applicable) treatment needs. Furthermore, in both model’s univariate analysis showed that chewing efficiency also affected OHRQoL. In contrast, multivariate analysis of all participants revealed that only a higher number of functional occluding pairs (C: 0.250; p < 0.001), fewer dental treatment needs (C: −1.733; p = 0.019) and a better nutritional status (C: −1.298; p = 0.048) were relevant for better OHRQoL. For denture wearers, a higher number of functional occluding pairs (C: 0.192; p = 0.011), a better denture condition (C: −2.194; p = 0.003) and a higher body mass index (BMI) (C: 0.145; p = 0.006) were the main variables associated with better OHRQoL among participants. Conclusion Good oral health and oral function, including chewing efficiency, are associated with a high OHRQoL of nursing-home residents. However, few dental treatment needs, well-fitting dentures without treatment needs and a high number of functional occluding pairs seem to be the principal variables for an acceptable OHRQoL of nursing-home residents.

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“…The presence of health teeth and functional dentures, as they are related to adequate nutrient consumption, may favor a good general health and quality of life of the elderly [5,6]. However, it is suggested that the absence of functional occluding tooth pairs worsens the chewing ability, which may lead to modifications in eating habits, food and nutritional intake, causing malnutrition [7,8]. In this context, considering the high prevalence of tooth loss, the reduced number of functional occluding tooth pairs, the low use of dental dentures and the poor condition of removable dentures among institutionalized elderly, these individuals would have compromised chewing capacity, which may affect their nutritional status [7,8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Masticatory function and nutritional status in institutionalized elderly: influence of denture use

Wanderley¹,

Filho²,

Bonifácio³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Institutionalized elderly has been reported to poorer oral health status and this could compromise the general health of those individuals. Objective: To evaluate the influence of tooth loss and the use of removable dentures on chewing function and nutritional status of institutionalized elderly. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with 155 elderly from seven long-stay institutions in João Pessoa - PB, from December 2018 to August 2019. The elderly were classified according to the presence of reminesncent teeth and use of dentures in four levels: toothless, without denture (1); toothless with complete denture (2); partial toothless without denture (3) and partial toothless with partial denture (4). Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) instrument and the Body Mass Index (BMI). Swallowing threshold was used for assessment of masticatory function, using a portion of roasted peanuts (3,7g). Comparisons among groups were performed using Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni adjustment, considering p<0.05. Results: MNA (p = 0.702) and BMI (p = 0.884) were not modified in relation to the presence of teeth and denture use. Toothless individuals without dentures had lower swallowing threshold (p <0.001), whilst partial toothless with dentures had better masticatory function (p>0.05). Conclusion: The presence of reminiscent teeth and the use of dentures do not influence the nutritional status of the elderly, but interfere with the masticatory function. Prosthetic rehabilitation is desirable for complete toothless individuals.

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The effects of prosthetic status and dementia on the chewing efficiency of seniors in nursing homes

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Masticatory function in nursing home residents: Correlation with the nutritional status and oral health–related quality of life

Masticatory function in nursing home residents: Correlation with the nutritional status and oral health–related quality of life

<p>The Effects of Dental Status and Chewing Efficiency on the Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life of Nursing-Home Residents</p>

Masticatory function and nutritional status in institutionalized elderly: influence of denture use

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