The effects of probiotic and threonine application on the carcass yield, internal organ development, intestinal morphology and cecal microbiota of broilers challenged with Clostridium perfringens

Omrani, A; Mousavi, Seyed Naser; Foroudi, Farhad; Jafarabadi, Ghobad Asgari; Hosseini, Seyed Abdollah; Alahyaribeik, Samira

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.05.002

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 59 publications

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“…exhibited a damaged intestinal morphological structure and reduced goblet cell numbers in the jejunum, leading to impaired absorption of nutrients along with other pathogenic bacteria [ 235 , 239 ]. Likewise, a C. perfringens infection, which is a main factor in the outbreak of necrotic enteritis (NE), and an E. coli infection, which is a major source of Avian colibacillosis, caused the reduction of feed intake and nutrient digestibility along with impaired intestinal morphology (e.g., reduced VH, VW and the number of goblet cells) [ 240 , 241 , 242 ].…”

Section: Change Of Feed Intake Nutrient Absorption and Gut Environmen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Enteroendocrine Cells (EECs) Hormone: Applicability on Feed Intake and Nutrient Absorption in Chickens

Lee,

Kim

2023

Animals

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This review focuses on the role of hormones derived from enteroendocrine cells (EECs) on appetite and nutrient absorption in chickens. In response to nutrient intake, EECs release hormones that act on many organs and body systems, including the brain, gallbladder, and pancreas. Gut hormones released from EECs play a critical role in the regulation of feed intake and the absorption of nutrients such as glucose, protein, and fat following feed ingestion. We could hypothesize that EECs are essential for the regulation of appetite and nutrient absorption because the malfunction of EECs causes severe diarrhea and digestion problems. The importance of EEC hormones has been recognized, and many studies have been carried out to elucidate their mechanisms for many years in other species. However, there is a lack of research on the regulation of appetite and nutrient absorption by EEC hormones in chickens. This review suggests the potential significance of EEC hormones on growth and health in chickens under stress conditions induced by diseases and high temperature, etc., by providing in-depth knowledge of EEC hormones and mechanisms on how these hormones regulate appetite and nutrient absorption in other species.

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Section: Change Of Feed Intake Nutrient Absorption and Gut Environmen...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Enteroendocrine Cells (EECs) Hormone: Applicability on Feed Intake and Nutrient Absorption in Chickens

Lee,

Kim

2023

Animals

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Threonine Deficiency Increases Triglyceride Deposition in Primary Duck Hepatocytes by Reducing STAT3 Phosphorylation

Zhuang,

Jia,

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Liver lipid metabolism disruption significantly contributes to excessive fat buildup in waterfowl. Research suggests that the supplementation of Threonine (Thr) in the diet can improve liver lipid metabolism disorder, while Thr deficiency can lead to such metabolic disorders in the liver. The mechanisms through which Thr regulates lipid metabolism remain unclear. STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), a crucial transcription factor in the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, participates in various biological processes, including lipid and energy metabolism. This research investigates the potential involvement of STAT3 in the increased lipid storage seen in primary duck hepatocytes as a result of a lack of Thr. Using small interfering RNA and Stattic, a specific STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor, we explored the impact of STAT3 expression patterns on Thr-regulated lipid synthesis metabolism in hepatocytes. Through transcriptome sequencing, we uncovered pathways related to lipid synthesis and metabolism jointly regulated by Thr and STAT3. The results showed that Thr deficiency increases lipid deposition in primary duck hepatocytes (p < 0.01). The decrease in protein and phosphorylation levels of STAT3 directly caused this deposition (p < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Thr deficiency and STAT3 knockdown jointly altered the mRNA expression levels of pathways related to long-chain fatty acid synthesis and energy metabolism (p < 0.05). Thr deficiency, through mediating STAT3 inactivation, upregulated ELOVL7, PPARG, MMP1, MMP13, and TIMP4 mRNA levels, and downregulated PTGS2 mRNA levels (p < 0.01). In summary, these results suggest that Thr deficiency promotes lipid synthesis, reduces lipid breakdown, and leads to lipid metabolism disorders and triglyceride deposition by downregulating STAT3 activity in primary duck hepatocytes.

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The effects of probiotic and threonine application on the carcass yield, internal organ development, intestinal morphology and cecal microbiota of broilers challenged with Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Applications of Enteroendocrine Cells (EECs) Hormone: Applicability on Feed Intake and Nutrient Absorption in Chickens

Applications of Enteroendocrine Cells (EECs) Hormone: Applicability on Feed Intake and Nutrient Absorption in Chickens

Threonine Deficiency Increases Triglyceride Deposition in Primary Duck Hepatocytes by Reducing STAT3 Phosphorylation

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