The Effects of Priming and Ageing on Seed Vigour in Tomato

Argerich, C.A.; Bradford, Kent J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/40.5.599

Cited by 93 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…6 and 8) and the influence that relatively few seeds with exceptional activity can have in pooled samples. In addition, because of low ABA content during development, sit" seeds are prone to vivipary and exhibit cell cycle activity and free space in the dry seed characteristic of seeds that have progressed toward germination prior to dehydration (Argerich and Bradford, 1989;Groot and Karssen, 1992;Liu et al, 1993Liu et al, ,1994Hilhorst and Downie, 1996). Thus, they are in some respects similar to osmotically treated (primed) seeds that also exhibit high mannanase activity ( Fig.…”

Section: T5 Seeds Cerminating At Reduced +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endo-β-Mannanase Activity from Individual Tomato Endosperm Caps and Radicle Tips in Relation to Germination Rates

Still

Bradford

1997

Plant Physiology

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~ ~ ~~Endo-P-mannanase is hypothesized to be a rate-limiting enzyme in endosperm weakening, which is a prerequisite for radicle emergente from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds. Using a sensitive, single-seed assay, we have measured mannanase activity diffusing from excised tomato endosperm caps following treatments that alter the rate or percentage of radicle emergence. Most striking was the 100-to more than 10,000-fold range of mannanase activity detected among individual seeds of highly inbred tomato lines, which would not be detected in pooled samples. In some cases a threshold-type relationship between mannanase activity and radicle emergence was observed. However, when radicle emergence was delayed or prevented by osmoticum or abscisic acid, the initial increase in mannanase activity was unaffected or even enhanced. Partially dormant seed lots displayed a bimodal distribution of activity, with low activity apparently associated with dormant seeds in the population. Gibberellin-and abscisic acid-deficient mutant seeds exhibited a wide range of mannanase activity, consistent with their variation in hormonal sensitivity. Although the presence of mannanase activity in the endosperm cap is consistently associated with radicle emergence, it is not the sole or limiting factor under all conditions.Even though tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is self-pollinating and cultivars are highly homozygous genetically, germination behavior varies considerably among individual seeds. We have developed a population-based hydrotime model that accurately describes germination time courses in response to environmental and hormonal factors (Bradford, 1990(Bradford, , 1995(Bradford, , 1996 Bradford, 1990, 1994; Bradford, 1992, 1993). This model is based on the assumption that individual seeds vary in their sensitivity to these factors and particularly in the sensitivity of radicle emergence to +. If the +, , is higher (more positive) than the actual seed +, radicle emergence will not occur. The lower (more negative) the & for radicle emergente relative to the ambient +, the more rapid germination will be. The distribution of Ic., values within the seed population therefore determines both the rate and final percentage of germination. Environmental and hormonal fac- (Ni and Bradford, 1993;Dutta and Bradford, 1994;Bradford, 1995Bradford, , 1996.The population-based hydrotime model can quantify and describe seed germination patterns, but it does not identify the physiological or biochemical basis of +, , .

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Section: T5 Seeds Cerminating At Reduced +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endo-β-Mannanase Activity from Individual Tomato Endosperm Caps and Radicle Tips in Relation to Germination Rates

Still

Bradford

1997

Plant Physiology

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“…In imbibing tomato seeds, the cell cycle progresses to G, prior to germination (Bino et al, 1992). This accumulation of cells in G, takes place in tomato because mitosis and cell division do not finish prior to protrusion of the root tip through the seed coat (Argerich and Bradford, 1989). Moreover, by preconditioning seeds in an osmotic solution (priming) followed by redrying, tomato seeds can be stably arrested in G, (Bino et al, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

[beta]-Tubulin Accumulation and DNA Replication in Imbibing Tomato Seeds

et al. 1995

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The activation of the cell cycle in embryo root tips of imbibing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Lerica) seeds was studied by flow cytometric analyses of the nuclear DNA content and by immunodetection of p-tubulin. With dry seeds, flow cytometric profiles indicated that the majority of the cells were arrested at the C , phase of the cell cycle. In addition, p-tubulin was not detectable on western blots. Upon imbibition of water, the number of cells in C , started to increase after 24 h, and a 55-kD fl-tubulin signal was detected between 24 and 48 h. Two-dimensional immunoblots revealed at least three different p-tubulin isotypes. Thus, p-tubulin accumulation and DNA replication were induced during osmotic priming. These processes, as well as seed germination rate, were enhanced upon subsequent imbibition of water, compared with control seeds that imbibed but were not primed. By contrast, when aged seeds imbibed, DNA replication, P-tubulin accumulation, and germination were delayed. In all cases studied, both DNA replication and p-tubulin accumulation preceded visible germination. We suggest that activation of these cell-cycle-related processes is a prerequisite for tomato seed germination. Furthermore, p-tubulin expression can be used as a parameter for following the initial processes that are activated during seed imbibition.

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“…Seed presoaking in KNO 3 may reactivate the expression of aquaporins during imbibition through counteracting the toxicity effect of NaCl and hence activate water uptake which reflected in growth enhancement. According to Argerich and Bradford [1] the occurrence of space inside primed seeds may accelerate the rate of germination by facilitating water uptake and earlier initiation of metabolism processes. Pre-soaking treatment with KNO 3 had no toxic effect and not only promotes seed germination but also stimulates later growth, metabolic processes and, hence, ultimate crop yield [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and physiological changes in esterase and lipid peroxidation of two bean cultivars pre-soaked with potassium nitrate under salt stress

Shaddad

El-Baki

Mostafa

et al. 2015

Acta Biologica Hungarica

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Two broad bean cultivars (Vicia faba CV Nobaria3 and Vicia faba CV Sakha3) were obtained from Mallwi Agriculture Research Center, El Minia Governorate, Egypt. The seeds were divided into two groups, the first group soaked with distilled water, while the second group were soaked with 3 mM KNO 3 , respectively, for 4 hours. Seeds were sown and left to grow for 3 weeks then treated with different concentrations of NaCl (0.0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mM) by top irrigation, then they left to grow further for 65 days from sowing. Plant samples were collected for some measurements: leaf area, plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, carotenoids, soluble sugars, soluble proteins, total free amino acids, esterase enzyme, as well as MDA (malondialdehyde) content. Salinity reduced both fresh and dry weight in two broad bean cultivars, this reduction were more pronounced in Sakha3 than Nobaria3. Seed pre-soaking with KNO 3 resulted in enhancement of fresh and dry weight production in both cultivars especially at 40 mM NaCl. Photosynthetic pigments were substantially affected by salt treatment while the carotenoids were increased, seed pre-soaking with KNO 3 improved these components. The soluble sugars, amino acids as well as soluble proteins showed various responses with increasing salinity in the cultivars, seed pre-soaking with KNO 3 has improved these parameters to some extent. The shoots of two cultivars exhibited significant accumulation of MDA, compared to roots exposed to the highest salinity levels. Pre-soaking seeds with KNO 3 did not improve MDA in shoots but enhanced it in roots, however, in most cases still lower than the absolute control. The assessment of the esterase isozyme profiles on 7.5% native polyacrylamide gel revealed the presence of 13 isoforms in two faba bean plants in response to KNO 3 pre-soaking and treatments with different concentrations of NaCl.

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The Effects of Priming and Ageing on Seed Vigour in Tomato

Cited by 93 publications

References 13 publications

Endo-β-Mannanase Activity from Individual Tomato Endosperm Caps and Radicle Tips in Relation to Germination Rates

Endo-β-Mannanase Activity from Individual Tomato Endosperm Caps and Radicle Tips in Relation to Germination Rates

[beta]-Tubulin Accumulation and DNA Replication in Imbibing Tomato Seeds

Morphological and physiological changes in esterase and lipid peroxidation of two bean cultivars pre-soaked with potassium nitrate under salt stress

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