The Effects of Pricing Waste Generation: A Synthetic Control Approach

Bueno, Matheus; Valente, Marica

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3183702

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…These authors conclude that this type of economic stimulus makes it possible to decrease the generation of waste and, at the same time, to increase recycling levels. Similar conclusions are drawn from other studies not focused on the Spanish case, such as Sakai et al (2008) for Japan or Bueno and Valente (2019) who analyze the experience of Trento (Italy). The results of these works indicate that the reductions in waste generation are around 30% after applying these unitpricing schemes.…”

Section: Discussion Of Results and Implicationssupporting

confidence: 87%

Waste generation in Spain. Do Spanish regions exhibit a similar behavior?

2020

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We analyze waste generation differences across Spanish regions by studying the evolution of two complementary indicators: municipal solid waste per unit of GDP as well as in per capita terms. To that end, we apply the recent statistic developed by Phillips and Sul (2007) which allows us to test for the null hypothesis of convergence. In the present case, this hypothesis is equivalent to admitting that the waste generation follows a similar path across the Spanish regions. Our results lead us to reject this hypothesis, which implies that Spanish regional waste generation is quite heterogenous and exhibits several patterns of behavior. We observe that the northern regions exhibit the lowest waste ratios while the insular and Mediterranean coast regions have the highest waste generation. This different behavior is also explained by some socioeconomic factors. Per capita income, environmental spending and education level are helpful in this regard. The population dispersion and the number of years that a region has been governed by a left-wing party are also associated with lower levels of waste generation. Finally, we can also observe that the regions with the highest levels of waste generation are greatly dependent on the tourism industry. Then, strategies targeting the transit towards a more sustainable economy in Spain should take into account this fact. In particular, the adoption of methods for the reduction of the waste levels generated by tourism activities in these areas can be very useful.

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Section: Discussion Of Results and Implicationssupporting

confidence: 87%

Waste generation in Spain. Do Spanish regions exhibit a similar behavior?

2020

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“…Also, SCM is data-driven and has no requirements for sample size. With the above features, no wonder SCM has been widely employed in a variety of policy effect assessment as well as program evaluation (Bueno and Valente, 2019;Castillo et al, 2017;Hsiao and Wan, 2014;Peter, 2016). In contrast, the difference-in-differences technology might be biased since it chooses control units at random, thus resulting in a biased estimator of the counterfactual.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

BMER

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This study evaluates the impacts of urban road investment and operation in China, especially the spillover effect attributable to the investment of urban road projects. Using the synthetic control method and difference-indifferences technique and taking the opening of Jiaozhou Bay Bridge and its Subsea Tunnel in China on 30 June 2011 as a natural experiment, this paper investigates the causal effect between urban road investment and its economic impacts. Results show that the project has a positive externality in terms of its contribution to the output and employment: taken the industrial relative output as outcome variable, no matter whether the covariates are controlled or not, the parameters of the interactive terms are positive; taken the industrial relative employment rate as outcome variable, the gap between the treated unit and its counterpart indicates a direct program effect for the treated city as well as a spillover effect across the cities within the sample province. Furthermore, the permutation test ascertains that the probability of achieving a spillover effect as large as the treated city is around 5.88 per cent. Overall, the investment and operation of urban road transportation infrastructure has a noticeable spillover effect. Our results are robust across a series of placebo tests.

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“…The idea behind this method is that a combination of untreated branches may provide a better comparison for the branches exposed to the price. The synthetic control method introduces control for the time-varying heterogeneity because the combination of branches comprising the synthetic control is the result of an optimization across branches and time (Bueno and Valente, 2019).…”

Section: Wave-specific Synthetic Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%